Sanandaj, Jewish: Winter

0:00

Transcribed by	Source	Speakers	Place
Geoffrey Khan	Khan, Geoffrey. The Jewish Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Sanandaj. Gorgias Neo-Aramaic Studies vol. 10. Gorgias Press, 2009	Ḥabib Nurani	Jerusalem

	Transcription	Translation
0:00	ʾăwăḷán tʷkáne là ʾasríwa.ˈ našé gezíwa wárya ba-talgà-č.ˈ xor-tʷkané là ʾasríwalu.ˈ wa-ba-ʿălawà-čˈ rásm ga-dokà-yeleˈ măsălán ga-ʾaxə́r-e páyiz qárwa sətwàˈ hár xanăwadé ta-nòšef,ˈ hár məšpaḥá ta-nòšef,ˈ gezə̀lwaˈ xa-dána tórta šăqə̀lwala.ˈ kmewal-ó ga-béla nòšef.ˈ rában kéwa dăbəḥwal-ó baqèf.ˈ tămíz kòlwala.ˈ xăéwa ṭărefà lá-hawya,ˈ xărā̀b lá-hawya.ˈ ʾo-waxtắra qăšàngˈ … ʾo-năqolé-u măqolè-uˈ ʾonyexáe yá gdidìm-yenˈ xărā̀b-yen,ˈ lá kəxlilùˈ doqwalú-u šoḷətwalù.ˈ pəsrăké kwə́lwale ba-ʾilá máre belăkè.ˈ máre belăké mən-d-áy pəsràˈ mătúwale ga-tănurá băšə̀lwale.ˈ kəmríwale qawurmà.ˈ nătènwaleˈ ga-tʷká qărirá mătìwale.ˈ yaxčā́l lìtwalan xor-ʾo-waxtărá.ˈ mătíwale ga-xá-tʷka qărirà hăwéˈ péš ta-sətwà.ˈ ʾáy qawurmá ʾăxà-yeleˈ galglíwale ga-pliyáw məšxá nòšef,ˈ məšxá tortăkè,ˈ lá məšxà,ˈ denulà.ˈ ga-denulá nóšaf bašlíwala qăšàng.ˈ mătíwale ga-xá … ʾó waxtắra qoqè-hitwa.ˈ qoqé xa-zárf, zrúfek-yelu mə́n ʾápre smoqà.ˈ ʾənyexáe mătíwalu ga-sətwà.ˈ mən-d-óa rába ʾəstəfáda kolìwa.ˈ qalyà hítwa?ˈ qalyá qălènwale.ˈ ʾo-pəsrá qălènwaleˈ xárwa ba-čokè.ˈ bšəlmané ḥā̀z kolíwaˈ ʾaxní məndíx šắrex baqú ga-lelé reš-šatà,ˈ šwawănìˈ ʾɑšnănì,ˈ ʾənyexáe rába ʾašnàe-yelu.ˈ qemə̀xwaˈ xá ḥămalá kmə̀xwa.ˈ xa-xwā́n rába rabtá tarṣéxwa … măsălán ʾaxní xá-mdi tarṣéxwa b-šəma dănăgazoè.ˈ ʾoní là kắenwa ma-yén.ˈ širní mătéxwa baqùˈ šăréxwale baqùˈ ba-ʿonwán-e reš-šatà.ˈ ʾóni rába moʿtaqə̀d-yeluˈ ké mən-xále réša šatá didán ʾaxlì.ˈ ʾáxni măsălànˈ pəšpàra tarṣéxwaˈ g-ò-lele.ˈ duxwà tarṣéxwa,ˈ qaysurón šăréxwa baqù.ˈ ʾóni-č qemí hár ʾo-yomàˈ sangăkì,ˈ ləxmá sangăkí tarṣìwa,ˈ gezíwa šaqlìwa-uˈ mən-kărà-uˈ dušà-uˈ guptà-uˈ mastà-uˈ ʾənyexáe mătìwa gáafˈ ʾu-šăríwa báqa béla didàn.ˈ lelăwáe sətwá yătèxwaˈ dáwre lə̀xle.ˈ lelé sətwá ga-doká yărixà-yeleˈ qardèč-yela.ˈ báqa d-óa belăké mašxniwalè.ˈ xa-ʿədá buxarì hitwáluˈ ba-ṣiwè malqiwalá,ˈ ʾo-béla mašxnìwale.ˈ ʾaxní măsălànˈ xá-mdi hitwalán b-šəmá kursì.ˈ mangál d-áy šulḥā̀nˈ təlḥà kắrăte d-éa,ˈ ʾarbà kắrăte d-éa,ˈ bíš ntóta xančì.ˈ xá lăʿéfa dăénwa ba-rešàf.ˈ txelàfˈ xá-dana mangàḷ-yela,ˈ har-ga-ʾărá čəqyàwalu.ˈ ga-dóka zoxā́ḷ dărènwa.ˈ zoxā́ḷ dărénwa gàaf.ˈ gogə́rd dắenwa ba-zuxaḷăkèˈ malqíwale ga-dokàˈ ʾo-kursí šaxnàwa.ˈ kŭ́le yătéxwa b-dáwre lə̀xle.ˈ ga-xá xanăwadé didàn,ˈ ʾaxní xamšá xonăwalè-yelan,ˈ tré xăləsyè-yelan,ˈ tatá daăkà,ˈ yătə́xwa b-dáwre lə̀xle.ˈ rába tomè kəxlə́xwa,ˈ tomè.ˈ ʾăwăḷán tʷkáne là ʾasríwa.ˈ našé gezíwa wárya ba-talgà-č.ˈ xor-tʷkané là ʾasríwalu.ˈ wa-ba-ʿălawà-čˈ rásm ga-dokà-yeleˈ măsălán ga-ʾaxə́r-e páyiz qárwa sətwàˈ hár xanăwadé ta-nòšef,ˈ hár məšpaḥá ta-nòšef,ˈ gezə̀lwaˈ xa-dána tórta šăqə̀lwala.ˈ kmewal-ó ga-béla nòšef.ˈ rában kéwa dăbəḥwal-ó baqèf.ˈ tămíz kòlwala.ˈ xăéwa ṭărefà lá-hawya,ˈ xărā̀b lá-hawya.ˈ ʾo-waxtắra qăšàngˈ … ʾo-năqolé-u măqolè-uˈ ʾonyexáe yá gdidìm-yenˈ xărā̀b-yen,ˈ lá kəxlilùˈ doqwalú-u šoḷətwalù.ˈ pəsrăké kwə́lwale ba-ʾilá máre belăkè.ˈ máre belăké mən-d-áy pəsràˈ mătúwale ga-tănurá băšə̀lwale.ˈ kəmríwale qawurmà.ˈ nătènwaleˈ ga-tʷká qărirá mătìwale.ˈ yaxčā́l lìtwalan xor-ʾo-waxtărá.ˈ mătíwale ga-xá-tʷka qărirà hăwéˈ péš ta-sətwà.ˈ ʾáy qawurmá ʾăxà-yeleˈ galglíwale ga-pliyáw məšxá nòšef,ˈ məšxá tortăkè,ˈ lá məšxà,ˈ denulà.ˈ ga-denulá nóšaf bašlíwala qăšàng.ˈ mătíwale ga-xá … ʾó waxtắra qoqè-hitwa.ˈ qoqé xa-zárf, zrúfek-yelu mə́n ʾápre smoqà.ˈ ʾənyexáe mătíwalu ga-sətwà.ˈ mən-d-óa rába ʾəstəfáda kolìwa.ˈ qalyà hítwa?ˈ qalyá qălènwale.ˈ ʾo-pəsrá qălènwaleˈ xárwa ba-čokè.ˈ bšəlmané ḥā̀z kolíwaˈ ʾaxní məndíx šắrex baqú ga-lelé reš-šatà,ˈ šwawănìˈ ʾɑšnănì,ˈ ʾənyexáe rába ʾašnàe-yelu.ˈ qemə̀xwaˈ xá ḥămalá kmə̀xwa.ˈ xa-xwā́n rába rabtá tarṣéxwa … măsălán ʾaxní xá-mdi tarṣéxwa b-šəma dănăgazoè.ˈ ʾoní là kắenwa ma-yén.ˈ širní mătéxwa baqùˈ šăréxwale baqùˈ ba-ʿonwán-e reš-šatà.ˈ ʾóni rába moʿtaqə̀d-yeluˈ ké mən-xále réša šatá didán ʾaxlì.ˈ ʾáxni măsălànˈ pəšpàra tarṣéxwaˈ g-ò-lele.ˈ duxwà tarṣéxwa,ˈ qaysurón šăréxwa baqù.ˈ ʾóni-č qemí hár ʾo-yomàˈ sangăkì,ˈ ləxmá sangăkí tarṣìwa,ˈ gezíwa šaqlìwa-uˈ mən-kărà-uˈ dušà-uˈ guptà-uˈ mastà-uˈ ʾənyexáe mătìwa gáafˈ ʾu-šăríwa báqa béla didàn.ˈ lelăwáe sətwá yătèxwaˈ dáwre lə̀xle.ˈ lelé sətwá ga-doká yărixà-yeleˈ qardèč-yela.ˈ báqa d-óa belăké mašxniwalè.ˈ xa-ʿədá buxarì hitwáluˈ ba-ṣiwè malqiwalá,ˈ ʾo-béla mašxnìwale.ˈ ʾaxní măsălànˈ xá-mdi hitwalán b-šəmá kursì.ˈ mangál d-áy šulḥā̀nˈ təlḥà kắrăte d-éa,ˈ ʾarbà kắrăte d-éa,ˈ bíš ntóta xančì.ˈ xá lăʿéfa dăénwa ba-rešàf.ˈ txelàfˈ xá-dana mangàḷ-yela,ˈ har-ga-ʾărá čəqyàwalu.ˈ ga-dóka zoxā́ḷ dărènwa.ˈ zoxā́ḷ dărénwa gàaf.ˈ gogə́rd dắenwa ba-zuxaḷăkèˈ malqíwale ga-dokàˈ ʾo-kursí šaxnàwa.ˈ kŭ́le yătéxwa b-dáwre lə̀xle.ˈ ga-xá xanăwadé didàn,ˈ ʾaxní xamšá xonăwalè-yelan,ˈ tré xăləsyè-yelan,ˈ tatá daăkà,ˈ yătə́xwa b-dáwre lə̀xle.ˈ rába tomè kəxlə́xwa,ˈ tomè.ˈ	First of all, they did not close the shops. People would go outside even in the snow. Indeed they did not close the shops. In addition, there was a custom there, for example at the end of autumn just before winter each family, each family went in their turn and bought a cow. They would bring it back to their home. Our rabbi would come and slaughter it for them. He cleaned it. He checked lest it be ritually unclean, lest it be polluted. Then he carefully took out what had to be removed, those parts that were sinews and were polluted, which they did not eat, and threw them away. He then gave the meat to the head of the household. The head of the household put out some of this meat and cooked it in an oven. They called this _qawurma_. They took it and placed it in a cool place. We still did not have a fridge at that time. They put it in a place that was cool for it to remain until winter. This _qawurma_ was like this, they would stir it round in its own oil, the oil of the cow. Not oil, fat, they cooked it well in its own fat. They put it in a—at that time there were pots. Pots were a container made of red clay. They would serve this in winter. They greatly enjoyed this. Was there _qalya?_ They would fry _qalya._ They would fry meat and it would become _čoke_. The Muslims wanted us to send them something on New Year’s Eve, our neighbours and acquaintances—many of them were our acquaintances. We would bring a porter and we made a big tray ... for example we made something called _danagazoe_. They did not know what they were. We put out such sweets for them and sent them to them, for New Year. They were determined to eat our New Year food. For example we made an omelette on that night. We made _duxwa_. We sent them _qaysuron_. On that same day they would make loaves of bread, they would go and buy butter, honey, cheese, yoghurt. They would put these on it (the tray) and send them to us. During the winter nights we would sit together in a circle. A winter night was long there and it was cold. For this reason they heated the house. Some people had a stove, which they would fuel by wood and they would heat the house. We had something called a _kursi_ ‘seat’, like this table, three times (the size) of this, four times (the size) of this, it was a bit higher. We would put a quilt on top of it. Under it there was a brazier, which they had dug in the ground. They put coals there. They put coals in it. They put a match to the coals and they ignited them there and the seat became warm. We all sat together. In our single family we were five brothers and two sisters, and together with father and mother, we sat together. We ate a lot of nut kernels.

show raw texts

Transcription:

ʾăwăḷán tʷkáne là ʾasríwa.ˈ našé gezíwa wárya ba-talgà-č.ˈ xor-tʷkané là ʾasríwalu.ˈ wa-ba-ʿălawà-čˈ rásm ga-dokà-yeleˈ măsălán ga-ʾaxə́r-e páyiz qárwa sətwàˈ hár xanăwadé ta-nòšef,ˈ hár məšpaḥá ta-nòšef,ˈ gezə̀lwaˈ xa-dána tórta šăqə̀lwala.ˈ kmewal-ó ga-béla nòšef.ˈ rában kéwa dăbəḥwal-ó baqèf.ˈ tămíz kòlwala.ˈ xăéwa ṭărefà lá-hawya,ˈ xărā̀b lá-hawya.ˈ ʾo-waxtắra qăšàngˈ … ʾo-năqolé-u măqolè-uˈ ʾonyexáe yá gdidìm-yenˈ xărā̀b-yen,ˈ lá kəxlilùˈ doqwalú-u šoḷətwalù.ˈ pəsrăké kwə́lwale ba-ʾilá máre belăkè.ˈ máre belăké mən-d-áy pəsràˈ mătúwale ga-tănurá băšə̀lwale.ˈ kəmríwale qawurmà.ˈ nătènwaleˈ ga-tʷká qărirá mătìwale.ˈ yaxčā́l lìtwalan xor-ʾo-waxtărá.ˈ mătíwale ga-xá-tʷka qărirà hăwéˈ péš ta-sətwà.ˈ ʾáy qawurmá ʾăxà-yeleˈ galglíwale ga-pliyáw məšxá nòšef,ˈ məšxá tortăkè,ˈ lá məšxà,ˈ denulà.ˈ ga-denulá nóšaf bašlíwala qăšàng.ˈ mătíwale ga-xá … ʾó waxtắra qoqè-hitwa.ˈ qoqé xa-zárf, zrúfek-yelu mə́n ʾápre smoqà.ˈ ʾənyexáe mătíwalu ga-sətwà.ˈ mən-d-óa rába ʾəstəfáda kolìwa.ˈ

qalyà hítwa?ˈ

qalyá qălènwale.ˈ ʾo-pəsrá qălènwaleˈ xárwa ba-čokè.ˈ bšəlmané ḥā̀z kolíwaˈ ʾaxní məndíx šắrex baqú ga-lelé reš-šatà,ˈ šwawănìˈ ʾɑšnănì,ˈ ʾənyexáe rába ʾašnàe-yelu.ˈ qemə̀xwaˈ xá ḥămalá kmə̀xwa.ˈ xa-xwā́n rába rabtá tarṣéxwa … măsălán ʾaxní xá-mdi tarṣéxwa b-šəma dănăgazoè.ˈ ʾoní là kắenwa ma-yén.ˈ širní mătéxwa baqùˈ šăréxwale baqùˈ ba-ʿonwán-e reš-šatà.ˈ ʾóni rába moʿtaqə̀d-yeluˈ ké mən-xále réša šatá didán ʾaxlì.ˈ ʾáxni măsălànˈ pəšpàra tarṣéxwaˈ g-ò-lele.ˈ duxwà tarṣéxwa,ˈ qaysurón šăréxwa baqù.ˈ ʾóni-č qemí hár ʾo-yomàˈ sangăkì,ˈ ləxmá sangăkí tarṣìwa,ˈ gezíwa šaqlìwa-uˈ mən-kărà-uˈ dušà-uˈ guptà-uˈ mastà-uˈ ʾənyexáe mătìwa gáafˈ ʾu-šăríwa báqa béla didàn.ˈ

lelăwáe sətwá yătèxwaˈ dáwre lə̀xle.ˈ lelé sətwá ga-doká yărixà-yeleˈ qardèč-yela.ˈ báqa d-óa belăké mašxniwalè.ˈ xa-ʿədá buxarì hitwáluˈ ba-ṣiwè malqiwalá,ˈ ʾo-béla mašxnìwale.ˈ ʾaxní măsălànˈ xá-mdi hitwalán b-šəmá kursì.ˈ mangál d-áy šulḥā̀nˈ təlḥà kắrăte d-éa,ˈ ʾarbà kắrăte d-éa,ˈ bíš ntóta xančì.ˈ xá lăʿéfa dăénwa ba-rešàf.ˈ txelàfˈ xá-dana mangàḷ-yela,ˈ har-ga-ʾărá čəqyàwalu.ˈ ga-dóka zoxā́ḷ dărènwa.ˈ zoxā́ḷ dărénwa gàaf.ˈ gogə́rd dắenwa ba-zuxaḷăkèˈ malqíwale ga-dokàˈ ʾo-kursí šaxnàwa.ˈ kŭ́le yătéxwa b-dáwre lə̀xle.ˈ ga-xá xanăwadé didàn,ˈ ʾaxní xamšá xonăwalè-yelan,ˈ tré xăləsyè-yelan,ˈ tatá daăkà,ˈ yătə́xwa b-dáwre lə̀xle.ˈ rába tomè kəxlə́xwa,ˈ tomè.ˈ

Translation:

First of all, they did not close the shops. People would go outside even in the snow. Indeed they did not close the shops. In addition, there was a custom there, for example at the end of autumn just before winter each family, each family went in their turn and bought a cow. They would bring it back to their home. Our rabbi would come and slaughter it for them. He cleaned it. He checked lest it be ritually unclean, lest it be polluted. Then he carefully took out what had to be removed, those parts that were sinews and were polluted, which they did not eat, and threw them away. He then gave the meat to the head of the household. The head of the household put out some of this meat and cooked it in an oven. They called this _qawurma_. They took it and placed it in a cool place. We still did not have a fridge at that time. They put it in a place that was cool for it to remain until winter. This _qawurma_ was like this, they would stir it round in its own oil, the oil of the cow. Not oil, fat, they cooked it well in its own fat. They put it in a—at that time there were pots. Pots were a container made of red clay. They would serve this in winter. They greatly enjoyed this.

Was there _qalya?_

They would fry _qalya._ They would fry meat and it would become _čoke_. The Muslims wanted us to send them something on New Year’s Eve, our neighbours and acquaintances—many of them were our acquaintances. We would bring a porter and we made a big tray ... for example we made something called _danagazoe_. They did not know what they were. We put out such sweets for them and sent them to them, for New Year. They were determined to eat our New Year food. For example we made an omelette on that night. We made _duxwa_. We sent them _qaysuron_. On that same day they would make loaves of bread, they would go and buy butter, honey, cheese, yoghurt. They would put these on it (the tray) and send them to us.

During the winter nights we would sit together in a circle. A winter night was long there and it was cold. For this reason they heated the house. Some people had a stove, which they would fuel by wood and they would heat the house. We had something called a _kursi_ ‘seat’, like this table, three times (the size) of this, four times (the size) of this, it was a bit higher. We would put a quilt on top of it. Under it there was a brazier, which they had dug in the ground. They put coals there. They put coals in it. They put a match to the coals and they ignited them there and the seat became warm. We all sat together. In our single family we were five brothers and two sisters, and together with father and mother, we sat together. We ate a lot of nut kernels.