Sanandaj, Jewish: Festivals

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Transcribed by	Source	Speakers	Place
Geoffrey Khan	Khan, Geoffrey. The Jewish Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Sanandaj. Gorgias Neo-Aramaic Studies vol. 10. Gorgias Press, 2009	Yeskel Paz	IL

	Transcription	Translation
0:00	hulaé ʾáḥra Sanandā̀j,ˈ mangól hulaé sáer-e tʷké xèt,ˈ ʾelăwaèˈ doqìwalu kŭlé.ˈ ʾawáḷ pătirè.ˈ duwóm ʾăṣartà.ˈ lā-la-ʿòmerˈ bár-d-o ʾăṣartà.ˈ pésaḥ šèniˈ bár-d-o ʾăṣartà.ˈ bár ʾăṣartá kèxwa,ˈ šoasár ba-tămùz-yele-uˈ bár-d-o təšʿá ba-ʾĀ̀b.ˈ šăbát naḥamù.ˈ bár-d-o roš-ha-šanà.ˈ kipùr.ˈ bár d-ənyexàeˈ kyáwa ḥănukaè.ˈ bár ḥănukaé məzdané ʾilanè.ˈ bár-d-o lelangè.ˈ mà kolíwa ga-pătiré?ˈ pătiré ga-lága didànˈ rába moḥkàm doqíwala.ˈ xá-yarxá bár ʾilanè,ˈ ʾənyexáe ga-fkə́r kwénwa ké báqa pătiré má lazə́m-ye tahyà holí.ˈ béhtar-e zăràˈ tăḥènwale.ˈ kménwale ga-belà.ˈ yatwíwa ʾənšèˈ dána ba-dána găbènwale,ˈ lá-bada xá-mdi xarəjí gáef hăwè,ˈ ʿayzà la-hăwé,ˈ ḥamèṣ hăwé.ˈ bàr-d-oˈ ód pàʾamˈ bădiqà kolíwaleˈ ké dubara tămìz.ˈ baʿdànˈ qarwá pătiré ké xarwà,ˈ ʾorxèlˈ ʾijàra kolíwa.ˈ ʾorxèl,ˈ ṭaxonà,ˈ ʾijará kolìwa,ˈ šămā́š gezə́lwa báqa dokàˈ gbéwa hezə́lwa tămíz hòlwala,ˈ ké lá báda qamxàˈ ga-dóka hăwè.ˈ ʾay-ləxmá lá-xar ḥaméṣ xăzə̀r.ˈ ʾó waxtằraˈ wáxt-e tămíz wililè,ˈ kewá-o kmərwàˈ ʾorxél Qasə̀mˈ yá ʾorxél Dărăqurdalè,ˈ yá ʾorxél Ḥaplùlˈ ʾéa ʾămadéni bàqaˈ hulaè.ˈ pàsˈ gezíwa báqa dokà-uˈ hár belàˈ zărá-e béla nóšef mătúwa réša xá ṭaʿná xmarà-uˈ lăbə́lwale ga-dokà.ˈ kólwale qamxá ḥăsabì-uˈ kmewale-ó bèla.ˈ lá šóqwa bšəlmaná ʾíla dắe bàef,ˈ hár nòšu.ˈ bšəlmaná ḥáq lìtwale ʾíla dắe bàef.ˈ ʾéa rajə́ʾ ba-qamxà.ˈ ʾătá xet-mà kolíwa?ˈ bàr-d-oˈ gbènwaˈ ləxmà tarṣí,ˈ matsòt tarṣí.ˈ matsót má-jor tarṣiwà?ˈ kménwa xà năfár.ˈ bar-d-èaˈ ʾay-ḥášta wilàlu,ˈ xá nắfar kéwa ga-belà,ˈ tăqə̀lwale baqú,ˈ yáni ʿòmer kəmríwa baqéf.ˈ hár ʿòmerˈ xá kilo-u pəlgè.ˈ xá-kilo-u pə̀lgeˈ mən-d-áy qamxàˈ dărénwa ga-pliyáw xá kasá rabtà.ˈ mătíwale ga-pliyáw xá măsalà,ˈ tărazù,ˈ taqlìwale.ˈ ʾèaˈ béla Daryúš gyā̀n,ˈ măsălàn,ˈ xamsàr ʿomeré gbé.ˈ béla didìˈ tresàr gbé.ˈ béla d-ó ʾəsrì gbé,ˈ béla d-ó ṭlài,ˈ ba-tăfawót-e našăkè,ˈ čəkmá năfăre-hítwalu xála ʾaxlì.ˈ b-ày-joraˈ ʾéa taqlìwale.ˈ ʾéa ba-ʿăla ḥădà matwíwale.ˈ bàr-d-oˈ kénwa tănurà.ˈ tănurá gbèwaˈ qằme-oˈ maqlìwalaˈ ké tănurá ḥaméṣ là hawyá.ˈ xášti báte hìtwaˈ tănurá-e ʿăla-ḥădá maxṣúṣ baqàˈ pătirè hítwalu.ˈ ʾáxni măsălànˈ tănurá ga-belàˈ ʿăla-ḥădá báqa pătirè hítwalan.ˈ ʾilá lá dăénwa báaf ta-pătirè.ˈ bár-d-o xá năfár kéwa dokàˈ ʿòmer ʿéčwa.ˈ qamxà ʿéčwale.ˈ kólwale ba-lešà.ˈ kólwale ba-lešá ga-pliyáw xa-ṭášt-e mesìˈ ke-qắme-o xwartá wilawale-òˈ xwaré xiriwà-uˈ məqrəxiwalu-ò.ˈ maxṣuṣàn kmə́rnaˈ məqrəxiwalu-ò.ˈ ʾéa là xárwa ʾo-lá qrixá hăwè.ˈ gbé maqrəxiwale-òˈ lá bàdaˈ xoràkaˈ ḥaméṣ ga-d-éa xila-hăwè.ˈ ʾéa kmènwale-uˈ ʿèčwale.ˈ kwə́lwale taḥwíl-e nanawakā̀r.ˈ ʾó yá ləxmà kolawà-o,ˈ ʾó yá ləxmăké kolawale-ò,ˈ kwə́lwale taḥwíl-e d-óa dána danà.ˈ ʾó-č kolawale-òˈ ba-gerà.ˈ ba-géra kolawale-ó ləxmăkè,ˈ ʾó-ya ləxmăké dăyále ba-tănurà,ˈ ʾó bšəlmantè-ya ləxmá dăyáwa ba-tănurá.ˈ hulaà lá kắewa.ˈ wắle ga-xaští tʷkèˈ hítwa fắqat hulaà-yeleˈ ʾəlhá măníxle ʾAwlé săqəzì.ˈ ʾəlhá măníxle ʾAwlé săqəzí nòšefˈ hám ʿèčwaleˈ hám dắewale ba-tănurà.ˈ ʾó săqəzì-yele.ˈ ʾòa lá šóqwa bšəlmanàˈ dắele ba-tănùra,ˈ nòšef dắewale ba-tănúra ləxmăkè.ˈ ʾéa ləxmà.ˈ ʾó waxtằraˈ kyáwa réša maṣṣaè.ˈ təlḥá dané maṣṣaè tarṣíwa.ˈ xá maṣṣàˈ xá mămonà.ˈ xá maṣṣá tré mămonè.ˈ xá maṣṣa təlḥá mămonè.ˈ léle pătirèˈ băraxá tré təlḥà kəmréxileˈ bàr-d-o kəmnóx.ˈ ʾé maṣṣaèˈ baxtá máre belăkè,ˈ yá ʾo-baxtá-e ləxmăkè kolawale-ó,ˈ tarṣàwalu.ˈ nòšu dăyíwalu ba-tănurà.ˈ lá kwíwalu ba-ʾíla báxta bšəlmantăkè-č.ˈ nóšu dăyíwalu ba-tănurà.ˈ ʾənyexáe maxṣùṣ-yeniˈ lá-xar ʾíla táqra báu ta-léle pătiré baraxà hamrí.ˈ kəmríwa báqa didànˈ ʾamā̀nˈ mən-d-áy ləxmá là ʾaxlétun.ˈ ʾắgar mən-d-áy ləxmá ʾaxlètun,ˈ kasăxún bazyà.ˈ yalè-yelan.ˈ tahdìd koliwalán.ˈ lá báda mən-d-áy ləxmá ʾaxlètunˈ ta-léle pătiré baraxèf hamríla.ˈ ʾèa-čˈ ba-d-áy jorà.ˈ ʾéa rájəʾ ba-ləxmàn.ˈ ʾó waxtằraˈ kménwa qawurmà kolíwa ba-payíz,ˈ qawurmá maxṣúṣ báqa pătirè.ˈ qawurmá nătènwaˈ dărénwale ga-qoqé gəḷì,ˈ qoqé ṭinanè.ˈ qoqá săfā̀l kəmríwa baqéf,ˈ qoqé săfàli.ˈ dărénwale ga-d-òa,ˈ máe lilá dărénwa rešèf.ˈ matwíwale ga-tʷká rába qăriràˈ ké báqa pătiré mən-d-èa ʾaxlí.ˈ ʿăláwa ba-d-áy lə́xma pătiré ké tarṣəxwalè,ˈ mən-tʷka maèfˈ mən-bèe dăréxwa gáef.ˈ hár ʿómer xamsàr dáne,ˈ ʾəsrà dáne,ˈ trèsar dáneˈ bée dăréxwa gàefˈ tʷká maè.ˈ ʾéa matwìwaleˈ ləxmà kolíwa báef,ˈ ʾéa bíš hàya házm xárwa.ˈ kŭ́le béla là tarṣíwa,ˈ xàšti báte.ˈ ʾéa-č mawzóʿ-e pəsrà.ˈ ʾò-waxtăraˈ mən-ʾăwáḷ-e payìz,ˈ ʾé-ga guré gezíwa bazā̀rˈ tomè šaqlíwa,ˈ ʾarzóx hòna,ˈ gozè šaqlíwa,ˈ šezè šaqliwa,ˈ štāḷwè šaqlíwa,ˈ ʾajíle šaqlìwa.ˈ báqa pătiré gbé tarṣìlu.ˈ šišmè šaqlíwa,ˈ ga-belá gbéwa qalwìwalu,ˈ šišmé lá qliwè.ˈ šišmé dărénwalu bar-xá qaḷì,ˈ bar-xá qaḷí ḥăsabì.ˈ gbéwa ba-ʾilà ʾo-toqú doqiwalé-o.ˈ lá xár ba-xá-mdi xèt.ˈ bšəlmanè lá koliwa.ˈ hár hulaé ta-nòšu kolíwalu.ˈ doqiwalu-òˈ măwišíwalu-ó báqa pătirè,ˈ báqa ḥălìq.ˈ ʾéa xá mdìx.ˈ ʾé ʾajilé nătènwaluˈ tá-ge qárwa pătirèˈ kəmríwa báqa ʾənšèˈ sā̀j matwéx.ˈ sā́j maxṣùṣ-yele,ˈ yóma maxṣùṣ.ˈ yatwìwaˈ tămām-e ʾé ʾajilé qălènwalu.ˈ ʾíla lá táqra bàu,ˈ ʾíla ḥamèṣ,ˈ ḥamèṣ lá xărí.ˈ ʾasúr-ile báqa didànˈ m-širinè ʾaxléx,ˈ ġér ʾáz ləxmà lá-hăwe-uˈ betà-uˈ ʾó ləxmá pătirè-uˈ məntắke ʾó qawurmà,ˈ ʾó pəsrá ya-məntắke lilà.ˈ lilăkè trə́ṣwalu.ˈ mən-d-óa ʾazā̀d-yele baqàn.ˈ ʾò kéwalan ʾaxléx.ˈ híč məndíx xét là kəxlexwa,ˈ lá mastà,ˈ lá guptà,ˈ lá xalwà.ˈ híč mən-ʾənyexàeˈ ʾasúr-yele báqan tmánya yomè.ˈ bár tmanyá yomé lelèˈ réša šatá kyáwa qằme.ˈ ʾo-lelé moṣaé xàg.ˈ lelé réša šatá kyáwa qằme,ˈ xá səfrá šăwèxwaˈ mən-d-ày réše loʿáˈ ḥătá ʾò réše loʿá.ˈ ga-belàˈ nunyè tarṣíwa,ˈ nunyè.ˈ ʾarz-hòna-čˈ dušà šaqléxwa.ˈ kărà šaqléxwa.ˈ maṣṣè šaqléxwa.ˈ guptè šaqléxwa.ˈ duxwá tarṣìwa.ˈ qārčè šaqléxwa.ˈ ʾóa sáwzi jàdˈ kəmríwa gilaxà,ˈ gilaxá tarṣìwa.ˈ ʾasfanáj baṣòr hítwa ʾo-waxtắra.ˈ ʾasfanàj tarṣíwa.ˈ pəšpàra tarṣíwa.ˈ qámxa-u bèta tarṣíwa.ˈ haḷwà tarṣíwa.ˈ har-xormá qălénwa-u tarṣìwa.ˈ ʾéa matwíwa rešá səfrà-uˈ ʾáṣər-e ḥàg,ˈ yáni sáʾət ʾárba bàr korá,ˈ təlḥá bàr korá,ˈ xamšà bár korá,ˈ gezíwa báqa sahrà.ˈ gezéxwa báqa sahrá tá-ge ʾarbìt xăráwa.ˈ ga-dóka našé yatwìwaˈ ʾáraq šătoè-uˈ mašrúb šătoè-uˈ mə́ndi xalá-u ʾonyexàe-uˈ ʾo-waxtắra xăráwa bár ʾarbìtˈ šərúʾ kolíwa gəlà čăqénwa.ˈ čún-ge tazá mən-txél talgá plíṭwa waryàˈ čăqénwa-u kmenwa-ó belà.ˈ dărénwale ba-dáwr-e ʾé səfrà.ˈ ʾána géznawa be-Daryuš-xā̀n.ˈ gèznawaˈ ʾéla brixulà hámna baqéf.ˈ jamăké ga-dóka nătènwaleˈ yá xa-mănorá b-d-ó jorà.ˈ har-mən-d-òaˈ nătènawaˈ doqnáwa ba-ʾilì-uˈ kəmnàwaˈ ʾéla-u reš-šatóx hăwén brixè.ˈ năšəqnàwale-uˈ ʾó-č didì năšəqwá-uˈ rába xoš-ḥā̀l xărə́xwa-uˈ yatwə́xwa-uˈ băraxá máre belăkè,ˈ xá-qəṭa mən-ləxmá-e ḥamèṣ dóqwa,ˈ zatyé ya-tarṣíwalu ga-béla bàr-d-o.ˈ mən-d-òaˈ dóqwa ba-ʾilèf-unuˈ dắewala ga-dušà-uˈ ga-kărá mătúwa gàaf-uˈ kwə́lwala ba-ʾilèfˈ kmə́r băraxà már.ˈ ʾo-č băraxá ha-moṣí kmə̀rwa-uˈ kxəlwalà.ˈ ʾéa pătirè.ˈ yóma reš-šáta bəqătà-čˈ tămā́m-e hulaé kŭ́le gezíwa báqa sahrà,ˈ gezíwa sàyər.ˈ xá-năfar ga-béla lá yătùwa.ˈ kŭ́le gezíwa báqa sàyər-uˈ mən-d-áy xála yá-lele trəṣwalù,ˈ mən-d-éa lablíwa mənù.ˈ ʾo-waxtằraˈ xá-əda xètˈ pəsrá ʿăla-ḥădá ntèwaluˈ naṭrìwale,ˈ kolíwale kăbā̀b.ˈ ʾàṣərˈ guré kènwaˈ dóka yatwíwa ba-ʾaràq-uˈ ba-xamrà,ˈ ba-ʾaráq yatwìwa,ˈ ʾéa tarṣìwa báqu.ˈ kăbā̀b kolíwa-uˈ ʾàraq šăténwa ga-doká-uˈ kenwa-ò.ˈ naqoḷè-yela-uˈ nandoè-yela-uˈ sā̀z-yela.ˈ zàrb-yela.ˈ ʾonyexáe kenwáwa tá … kenwáwa belàˈ ʾazadí ḥăsabì hítwaluˈ wa-bšəlmané mozaḥămù lá xăríwa ʾenṣafán.ˈ bšəlmané ʾaḥràˈ muzaḥămù lá xăriwá.ˈ kəmríwa jažnyanà,ˈ kəmríwa báqa d-éa jážn-e făṭìr.ˈ jážn-e făṭír yáni mà?ˈ yáni ləxmá făṭìr,ˈ ləxmé ké là xəmyá-y.ˈ pătiré ʾwìra.ˈ kyáwa ʾăṣàrta.ˈ léle ʾăṣartàˈ ʾó belá yá lăḥà m-ṣalma-ḥaliyéˈ xá miléf milwà,ˈ yăšiwà mătúwa ga-beléf.ˈ tʷká d-éa ga-kništà matwìlaˈ ga-bèla matwíwala.ˈ ʾašxā̀ṣˈ daʿwàt kólwa.ˈ gezíwa dòkaˈ yatwíwa ta-yomàˈ torà-uˈ məšnayotè-uˈ xèta,ˈ kŭ́le ʾənyexàe,ˈ zohàr-uˈ ʾənyé kŭ́le qărénwalu ta-qárwa-e yomà.ˈ qarwá-e yomàˈ šofàr măxénwa baqán.ˈ šofár măxènwa.ˈ ʾèaˈ ʿălamắt-e xoš-ḥàli-yele.ˈ bàr-d-oˈ xá-səfra kmènwaˈ šăwènwa.ˈ ʾanwáʿe mewajắte bikùr,ˈ yáni mewajắte tazàˈ măsălán mangól šèsekˈ dáx ʾắta ga-lăxá táza məṭyá-y kmèn.ˈ méwa kménwa matwìwa.ˈ băraxá kəmrìwaˈ ʾaškabà maždríwa.ˈ kŭ́le belà-čˈ yá kénwa dòkaˈ mən-nóšu qawà-uˈ ya-čày,ˈ yá dārčìnˈ kménwa mə̀nuˈ məntắke qànd.ˈ kwíwale bá-ʾila máre belăkè.ˈ ʾó máre belá-č ba-nobàˈ tărə̀ṣle,ˈ ʾéa be-Daryuš-xā̀n-yeˈ ʾóa be-Manawar-xanə̀m-ye,ˈ ʾóa be-Negàr-ye,ˈ ʾéa be-Əqbā̀l-ye,ˈ ʾéa be-didòx-ye.ˈ ʾéa kmènwale,ˈ kəmríwa baqù.ˈ ʾó waxtằraˈ maʿalmăké ga-dokàˈ ʾaškabá maždə̀rwa-wˈ kŭ́le băraxá kəmrìwa-uˈ šătènwale.ˈ ʾéa ʾèa.ˈ yóma xarwà-uˈ kŭ́le gezíwa báqa kništà.ˈ gezíwa báqa kništà-uˈ bàr-d-oˈ ʾənšé ga-béla má kolìwa?ˈ kălanè tarṣíwa-uˈ šəlkenè,ˈ pərsaxè.ˈ ʾéa ga-belá tarṣìwalu.ˈ kălané mà-yelu?ˈ qamxá kmènwa,ˈ kolíwale ba-lešàˈ mangól ləxmà.ˈ ʾo-waxtằraˈ ʾéa pəṣlè dărénwa gáef.ˈ pəṣlé yăruqé dărénwa gàef,ˈ mandénwalu réša sā̀j.ˈ ʾo-waxtằraˈ mandénwalu pliyáw kărà,ˈ kăré pšiḷà.ˈ ʾéa kmènwale-uˈ šăkár dărénwa rešèf-uˈ kəxlìwale.ˈ ʾéa kălanè-yelu.ˈ šəlkené mà-yelu?ˈ beé kmènwa.ˈ qamxá dărénwa ga-beăkè.ˈ ba-xalwà tarṣíwalun-u.ˈ solusyòn tarṣíwa.ˈ ʾé solusyón kménwale réša sā̀j.ˈ dărénwa réša sā̀j-uˈ ʾéa kolíwale xá ṭaʿìm.ˈ xá xorak-e rába ʿayzà.ˈ ʾó-č dărénwale ga-pliyáw məšxà,ˈ šắkar dărénwa rešèf-uˈ kəxlìwale.ˈ ʾéa xorakù-yeleˈ rába ʿayzá ʾo-yomà.ˈ yomá dowòmˈ tămām-e hulaé kŭ́le gezíwa báqa sàyər,ˈ hár mangól yóme reš-šatà.ˈ kŭ́le gezíwa báqa sàyər.ˈ gezíwa ʾAmanyà-uˈ báqa ʾAməlyà-uˈ báqa Saqawà-uˈ báqa Zafariyà-uˈ Mowarakawà-uˈ Xasràwa-u.ˈ ʾənyexáe kŭ́le gezìwa.ˈ gezìwa,ˈ b-ʾàṣərˈ bə́xle kenwa-ò,ˈ hár ba-d-ó jorá yá ʾarzòx wilí.ˈ yóma dowòm,ˈ ʾáṣər kenwa-òˈ ʾáraq šătoè-uˈ kéf walàˈ tá geziwa-ó belà.ˈ ʾèa-č ʾăṣartá.ˈ ʾătá hiyéxin réša … tə́šʾa ba-ʾĀ̀b.ˈ tə́šʿa ba-ʾĀ̀bˈ hulaé ràba yaqurtá doqíwala.ˈ nawád dar-ṣáde hulaé ṣomà-yelu,ˈ ṣomé ṣəhyòn.ˈ təšʿa ba-ʾĀ̀b,ˈ kŭ́le hulaé doqìwale.ˈ bíš baṣór náše hítwa ṣomá la-doqìwa.ˈ mắgar rába naxòš xírăweˈ yá rába na-raḥàt xírăweˈ ʾelá huláe kŭ́le doqìwa.ˈ bawàř-hul,ˈ yála trèsar šəné,ˈ xámsar šəné dòqwale.ˈ mən-ʾàṣref-oˈ sáʿat xamšà bar-koráˈ xalà kəxlíwa,ˈ xét là kəxlíwaˈ har-tá qáwme lelè.ˈ lélef-o gezíwa báqa kništàˈ ga-dóka šratà lá malqíwa.ˈ tanhá xa-šratá matwíwa báqa xa-šàmʿ.ˈ matwíwa kèˈ ḥaxămăkèˈ héle qărèˈ qam-ʾenèf hawyá.ˈ wắle híč-kas šratá lìtwale.ˈ kenwà-o-č béla,ˈ mən-kništá-č kenwà-oˈ šratá lìtwalu.ˈ be-šratà-yelu.ˈ ba-yād-e d-eà-y kéˈ bet-ha-məqdáš werā̀n xirté-yaˈ ʾaxní là-xar šratá hăwélan.ˈ ḥắta xášti ʾašxā́ṣ-e qitsonì-hitwalanˈ syamé là lošíwa kénwa kništá.ˈ syamé là loší kénwa kništá,ˈ be-syamé gezíwa-o belà.ˈ ʾaqlá qlăpì gezíwa-o belá.ˈ yomá ṣəhyón-e bə̀qăta-čˈ šalóm là dărénwa lə́xle.ˈ be-šalòm.ˈ ḥáli xărèt?ˈ šalòm lá dărénwa.ˈ ʾā́t gezə́twa tʷkanà,ˈ ʾăxonóx dóka yelè,ˈ là kəmrə́twa báqef šalóm ʿălexém.ˈ ʾo kằewa ke-ta-má lá kəmréte,ˈ čún ʾə́zyo šalòm la-xár hamrét.ˈ ṣəhyòn-yela.ˈ ʾàṣərˈ hár xăráwa qárwa mənḥà,ˈ xet-ʾo-waxtằraˈ mutā̀r-yele baqéfˈ šăḥiṭà kolíwa.ˈ tmanyà yoméˈ ʾé-əč tmánya yomé mən-yomàˈ ṣəhyòn,ˈ mən-yomá reš-yarxé ʾĀ̀bˈ ḥătá yóma ṣəhyònˈ pəsrà lá kəxlíwa huláe.ˈ híč pəsrá ḥáq lítwalu dabḥi-ò.ˈ šăḥità lá xăráwa ga-pliyáw huláe.ˈ mən-yóma ṣəhyònˈ ke-xăràwaˈ bár kóra ṣəhyón šăḥiṭà kolíwa.ˈ ʾò-waxtăraˈ xàšti baté kéˈ morăfàh-yelu,ˈ máre doltà-yeluˈ ʾərbá dabḥiwà-oˈ qorbā̀n kolíwa.ˈ báqa d-eà-y ke-hamríˈ ya-rắbi škùr.ˈ šăbát naḥamù-ya ʾătá.ˈ xíra naḥamú bár korà,ˈ wáxt-e šăbát naḥamùˈ kŭ́le doqìwala-uˈ mangól xá ʾelá ḥăsabìˈ gezíwa báqa sáyər-u gardèš.ˈ ʾéa šăbát naḥamù.ˈ ʾătá hiyéxin baqàˈ ḥănukaè.ˈ ḥănukàe,ˈ tmanyà yoméˈ ḥănukàe doqíwala.ˈ šratá har-dáx b-ay-jóra ga-lăxá malqì,ˈ kŭ́le béla ga-doká šratá malqìwa.ˈ halbătá šámʿ là-yela ga-doká.ˈ kŭ́le širà-yele.ˈ ʾòaˈ kmèxwale-o.ˈ ʾənšé pìrˈ plulyè tarṣíwaˈ ba-kətanà.ˈ ʾənšé pìrˈ ba-maṣwáe nòšuˈ kwìwa.ˈ báqa hár-kas gezə́lwa kəmrìwaˈ xán hól baqán báqa šráe ḥănukàeˈ kwə́lwa baqù.ˈ ʾóa matwə́xwale pliyáw ʾo-săfā̀lˈ ʾo-waxtắra šráe ba-d-áy jorá malqèxwa.ˈ kŭ́lăni-č ʾo-lelèˈ məzmór šel-Ḥănukà qăréxwala,ˈ ha-nisím-u nəflawotáf qărèxwalunu,ˈ ba-xoš-ḥalí-u ba-šadìˈ mangól lăxà,ˈ ʾaval rába bíš ʿayzà.ˈ ʾea-č ʾèa.ˈ tmanyà lelé hítwalan.ˈ lelé ʾăwàḷˈ xà-dana malqéxwa,ˈ lelé duwòmˈ trè-dane,ˈ təlḥà-dane,ˈ ta-léle xéta tmanyà-dane malqə́xwa.ˈ ʾea-č ba-d-èele.ˈ ʾătá kéxwa réša bár Ḥănukaè.ˈ xăràwaˈ məzdáne ʾilanè.ˈ məzdáne ʾilané Ṭú la-Šwàṭ.ˈ Ṭú la-Šwàṭˈ xamsár-e Šăwàṭ.ˈ mà koléxwa?ˈ kŭ́le belàˈ ʾanwā́ʿ-u ʾaqsằmeˈ mewà ga-belá,ˈ ʾó-waxtăra sə̀twa-yele-u,ˈ yaxčā́l lìtwa,ˈ mà kolíwa?ˈ tălènwaleˈ ga-belà.ˈ ʾaspaglè tălénwa,ˈ kămerè tălénwa,ˈ ʾarmonyè tălénwa,ˈ băṣirè tălénwa,ˈ xămušè tălénwa.ˈ báqa lə̀ma gbétulu?ˈ báqa lelé məzdané ʾilanè.ˈ xášti šwətyè năténwaˈ báqa lelé məzdané ʾilanè.ˈ ʾo-waxtắra lelé məzdané ʾilanè,ˈ ga-réša kursìˈ xa-səfrá šăwènwa,ˈ ʾonyexáe kŭ́le matwíwalu réša ʾay-kursì.ˈ ʾo-waxtằraˈ ʾána šárnawa báqa béla Daryuš-xā̀nˈ tabrík kəmnáwa baqèf.ˈ mən-d-ənyexáe kŭ́le hár-xa xa-dána mătunáwa ga-xá dawrì-uˈ kəwnáwale ba-ʾíla bronì,ˈ ya-kəwnáwale ba-ʾíla nokarì,ˈ kəwnáwalu lablíwalu məntắke d-éa báqa be-Daryuš-xā̀nˈ ʾelóx hawyá brixtà.ˈ ʾó-č rába ḥàs kólwa-uˈ qémwa ʾó-č xa-məqdā̀rˈ m-éa nătèwaleˈ dubára ʾò-č šárwa báqa didí d-èa.ˈ ʾó-č šàrwa,ˈ o-waxtằraˈ màʿləme má kolíwa,ˈ maʿləmé kništà?ˈ təlḥà kništé hítwalan.ˈ təlḥà kništé hitwalán,ˈ xá kništá rabtà-yela,ˈ ʾu-xá kništá zortà-uˈ xá kništá ḥadàš.ˈ maʿlə́m-e kništá rabtàˈ báqa sakənìn-e kništá nošèf,ˈ ʾăhalí-e kništá nošèfˈ mănorà maždə́rwa,ˈ hár mangól d-òa.ˈ mănorá maždə̀rwaˈ báqa d-èaˈ ʾelóx hawyá brixtà.ˈ máre belăkè-čˈ ba-tăfawòtˈ pùḷ kwə́lwaˈ xán xamšà qărané,ˈ trè qărané,ˈ hár-či ʾiléf doqàwaˈ kwə́lwa mătúwa ga-dawriăkè-uˈ kwə́lwale ba-ʾilá šagərdèfˈ ʾu-lăbə́lwale báqa măḷăkè,ˈ báqa maʿləmăkè.ˈ ʾéa-č ʾèa.ˈ məzdané ʾilanèˈ b-ày jorá wilán.ˈ ʾătá kéxin baqá Lelangè.ˈ Purìm.ˈ Lelangé ma-jòr-yela?ˈ xá-šo qắme Purìmˈ šatá Mošé Răbénu ʿaláw ha-šalòm-yela.ˈ kŭ́le gezíwa báqa kništà.ˈ ga-kništá ʾo-lelèˈ ḥaxám-e kništà,ˈ ḥaxám-e kništà ga-dokáˈ darùš kólwaˈ Mošé Răbénu ʿaláw ha-šalóm dàx m-ʿolā́m zíl,ˈ mà wíle,ˈ zăḥamtá mà grə́šle báqa huláe.ˈ ba-d-áy joràˈ šárḥ kwə́lwa báqa didàn,ˈ ʾu-b-ày jorá-čˈ mən-ʿolā̀m zíl.ˈ ga-dóka kŭ́le na-raḥàt xăríwa-uˈ kenwá-o belà.ˈ kyáwa réša lelé Lelangè.ˈ yóm Lelangé kŭ́le ṣomà-yelu.ˈ hulàeˈ rŭwé ta-zorèˈ kŭ́le ṣomá doqìwa.ˈ ʾàṣərˈ ṣomá là faṭríwa.ˈ gezíwa báqa kništà,ˈ măgilà qărénwa ba-kništá,ˈ măgilá-e ʾEstèr.ˈ xàˈ məndí xét hìtwalanˈ ke-ga-tʷke-xét lìtˈ ba-šəmá tănu-širà.ˈ tănu-širàˈ maʿləmé dokàˈ xá-mdi trə́ṣwalu maxṣúṣ-e nòšu-yelaˈ ke-ba-ʾaramít kləwtè-ya.ˈ ʾătá maxwénaf ʾə́lox ʾā̀t.ˈ ʾèaˈ maxṣúṣ-e Kurdəstā̀n-yela.ˈ ga-Sanandàj-yela,ˈ ga-hìč-tʷka xét ʾéa lìtwa.ˈ ḥătá ga-Hămadā̀nˈ ke-markắz-e Šúšan ha-birà-yela,ˈ Mordăxáy-u ʾEstér ga-dóka yelù,ˈ ʾána dóka xirèna,ˈ ge-ga-dóka ʾéa là kắenwa qărénwalaˈ ʾéa lìtwalu qărénwala.ˈ ʾéa maxṣúṣ-e nòšan-yela.ˈ ʾarz-hònaˈ ʾéa qărènwala.ˈ ʾéa qəryàlu,ˈ qemíwa kenwá-o belà.ˈ qemíwa kenwá-o belà,ˈ ga-doká ṣomà faṭríwa.ˈ ʾèaˈ Lelangè-yela.ˈ bəqắta gezíwa bazā̀rˈ kŭ́le kəmrìwaˈ taʿnitóx hăwé qăbùl.ˈ taʿnít dwə̀qlox.ˈ taʿnitóx hăwé qăbùl.ˈ ʾelóx hawyá brixtàˈ ʾəlhá mantè.ˈ kŭ́le šata ba-ləbá băsimà-uˈ qáləb sā̀q doqéte.ˈ bar Lelangèˈ pătirè-yelaˈ ké ʾarzóx wìli,ˈ qắme-o mìri baqóx.ˈ hulaé ʾáḥra Sanandā̀j,ˈ mangól hulaé sáer-e tʷké xèt,ˈ ʾelăwaèˈ doqìwalu kŭlé.ˈ ʾawáḷ pătirè.ˈ duwóm ʾăṣartà.ˈ lā-la-ʿòmerˈ bár-d-o ʾăṣartà.ˈ pésaḥ šèniˈ bár-d-o ʾăṣartà.ˈ bár ʾăṣartá kèxwa,ˈ šoasár ba-tămùz-yele-uˈ bár-d-o təšʿá ba-ʾĀ̀b.ˈ šăbát naḥamù.ˈ bár-d-o roš-ha-šanà.ˈ kipùr.ˈ bár d-ənyexàeˈ kyáwa ḥănukaè.ˈ bár ḥănukaé məzdané ʾilanè.ˈ bár-d-o lelangè.ˈ mà kolíwa ga-pătiré?ˈ pătiré ga-lága didànˈ rába moḥkàm doqíwala.ˈ xá-yarxá bár ʾilanè,ˈ ʾənyexáe ga-fkə́r kwénwa ké báqa pătiré má lazə́m-ye tahyà holí.ˈ béhtar-e zăràˈ tăḥènwale.ˈ kménwale ga-belà.ˈ yatwíwa ʾənšèˈ dána ba-dána găbènwale,ˈ lá-bada xá-mdi xarəjí gáef hăwè,ˈ ʿayzà la-hăwé,ˈ ḥamèṣ hăwé.ˈ bàr-d-oˈ ód pàʾamˈ bădiqà kolíwaleˈ ké dubara tămìz.ˈ baʿdànˈ qarwá pătiré ké xarwà,ˈ ʾorxèlˈ ʾijàra kolíwa.ˈ ʾorxèl,ˈ ṭaxonà,ˈ ʾijará kolìwa,ˈ šămā́š gezə́lwa báqa dokàˈ gbéwa hezə́lwa tămíz hòlwala,ˈ ké lá báda qamxàˈ ga-dóka hăwè.ˈ ʾay-ləxmá lá-xar ḥaméṣ xăzə̀r.ˈ ʾó waxtằraˈ wáxt-e tămíz wililè,ˈ kewá-o kmərwàˈ ʾorxél Qasə̀mˈ yá ʾorxél Dărăqurdalè,ˈ yá ʾorxél Ḥaplùlˈ ʾéa ʾămadéni bàqaˈ hulaè.ˈ pàsˈ gezíwa báqa dokà-uˈ hár belàˈ zărá-e béla nóšef mătúwa réša xá ṭaʿná xmarà-uˈ lăbə́lwale ga-dokà.ˈ kólwale qamxá ḥăsabì-uˈ kmewale-ó bèla.ˈ lá šóqwa bšəlmaná ʾíla dắe bàef,ˈ hár nòšu.ˈ bšəlmaná ḥáq lìtwale ʾíla dắe bàef.ˈ ʾéa rajə́ʾ ba-qamxà.ˈ ʾătá xet-mà kolíwa?ˈ bàr-d-oˈ gbènwaˈ ləxmà tarṣí,ˈ matsòt tarṣí.ˈ matsót má-jor tarṣiwà?ˈ kménwa xà năfár.ˈ bar-d-èaˈ ʾay-ḥášta wilàlu,ˈ xá nắfar kéwa ga-belà,ˈ tăqə̀lwale baqú,ˈ yáni ʿòmer kəmríwa baqéf.ˈ hár ʿòmerˈ xá kilo-u pəlgè.ˈ xá-kilo-u pə̀lgeˈ mən-d-áy qamxàˈ dărénwa ga-pliyáw xá kasá rabtà.ˈ mătíwale ga-pliyáw xá măsalà,ˈ tărazù,ˈ taqlìwale.ˈ ʾèaˈ béla Daryúš gyā̀n,ˈ măsălàn,ˈ xamsàr ʿomeré gbé.ˈ béla didìˈ tresàr gbé.ˈ béla d-ó ʾəsrì gbé,ˈ béla d-ó ṭlài,ˈ ba-tăfawót-e našăkè,ˈ čəkmá năfăre-hítwalu xála ʾaxlì.ˈ b-ày-joraˈ ʾéa taqlìwale.ˈ ʾéa ba-ʿăla ḥădà matwíwale.ˈ bàr-d-oˈ kénwa tănurà.ˈ tănurá gbèwaˈ qằme-oˈ maqlìwalaˈ ké tănurá ḥaméṣ là hawyá.ˈ xášti báte hìtwaˈ tănurá-e ʿăla-ḥădá maxṣúṣ baqàˈ pătirè hítwalu.ˈ ʾáxni măsălànˈ tănurá ga-belàˈ ʿăla-ḥădá báqa pătirè hítwalan.ˈ ʾilá lá dăénwa báaf ta-pătirè.ˈ bár-d-o xá năfár kéwa dokàˈ ʿòmer ʿéčwa.ˈ qamxà ʿéčwale.ˈ kólwale ba-lešà.ˈ kólwale ba-lešá ga-pliyáw xa-ṭášt-e mesìˈ ke-qắme-o xwartá wilawale-òˈ xwaré xiriwà-uˈ məqrəxiwalu-ò.ˈ maxṣuṣàn kmə́rnaˈ məqrəxiwalu-ò.ˈ ʾéa là xárwa ʾo-lá qrixá hăwè.ˈ gbé maqrəxiwale-òˈ lá bàdaˈ xoràkaˈ ḥaméṣ ga-d-éa xila-hăwè.ˈ ʾéa kmènwale-uˈ ʿèčwale.ˈ kwə́lwale taḥwíl-e nanawakā̀r.ˈ ʾó yá ləxmà kolawà-o,ˈ ʾó yá ləxmăké kolawale-ò,ˈ kwə́lwale taḥwíl-e d-óa dána danà.ˈ ʾó-č kolawale-òˈ ba-gerà.ˈ ba-géra kolawale-ó ləxmăkè,ˈ ʾó-ya ləxmăké dăyále ba-tănurà,ˈ ʾó bšəlmantè-ya ləxmá dăyáwa ba-tănurá.ˈ hulaà lá kắewa.ˈ wắle ga-xaští tʷkèˈ hítwa fắqat hulaà-yeleˈ ʾəlhá măníxle ʾAwlé săqəzì.ˈ ʾəlhá măníxle ʾAwlé săqəzí nòšefˈ hám ʿèčwaleˈ hám dắewale ba-tănurà.ˈ ʾó săqəzì-yele.ˈ ʾòa lá šóqwa bšəlmanàˈ dắele ba-tănùra,ˈ nòšef dắewale ba-tănúra ləxmăkè.ˈ ʾéa ləxmà.ˈ ʾó waxtằraˈ kyáwa réša maṣṣaè.ˈ təlḥá dané maṣṣaè tarṣíwa.ˈ xá maṣṣàˈ xá mămonà.ˈ xá maṣṣá tré mămonè.ˈ xá maṣṣa təlḥá mămonè.ˈ léle pătirèˈ băraxá tré təlḥà kəmréxileˈ bàr-d-o kəmnóx.ˈ ʾé maṣṣaèˈ baxtá máre belăkè,ˈ yá ʾo-baxtá-e ləxmăkè kolawale-ó,ˈ tarṣàwalu.ˈ nòšu dăyíwalu ba-tănurà.ˈ lá kwíwalu ba-ʾíla báxta bšəlmantăkè-č.ˈ nóšu dăyíwalu ba-tănurà.ˈ ʾənyexáe maxṣùṣ-yeniˈ lá-xar ʾíla táqra báu ta-léle pătiré baraxà hamrí.ˈ kəmríwa báqa didànˈ ʾamā̀nˈ mən-d-áy ləxmá là ʾaxlétun.ˈ ʾắgar mən-d-áy ləxmá ʾaxlètun,ˈ kasăxún bazyà.ˈ yalè-yelan.ˈ tahdìd koliwalán.ˈ lá báda mən-d-áy ləxmá ʾaxlètunˈ ta-léle pătiré baraxèf hamríla.ˈ ʾèa-čˈ ba-d-áy jorà.ˈ ʾéa rájəʾ ba-ləxmàn.ˈ ʾó waxtằraˈ kménwa qawurmà kolíwa ba-payíz,ˈ qawurmá maxṣúṣ báqa pătirè.ˈ qawurmá nătènwaˈ dărénwale ga-qoqé gəḷì,ˈ qoqé ṭinanè.ˈ qoqá săfā̀l kəmríwa baqéf,ˈ qoqé săfàli.ˈ dărénwale ga-d-òa,ˈ máe lilá dărénwa rešèf.ˈ matwíwale ga-tʷká rába qăriràˈ ké báqa pătiré mən-d-èa ʾaxlí.ˈ ʿăláwa ba-d-áy lə́xma pătiré ké tarṣəxwalè,ˈ mən-tʷka maèfˈ mən-bèe dăréxwa gáef.ˈ hár ʿómer xamsàr dáne,ˈ ʾəsrà dáne,ˈ trèsar dáneˈ bée dăréxwa gàefˈ tʷká maè.ˈ ʾéa matwìwaleˈ ləxmà kolíwa báef,ˈ ʾéa bíš hàya házm xárwa.ˈ kŭ́le béla là tarṣíwa,ˈ xàšti báte.ˈ ʾéa-č mawzóʿ-e pəsrà.ˈ ʾò-waxtăraˈ mən-ʾăwáḷ-e payìz,ˈ ʾé-ga guré gezíwa bazā̀rˈ tomè šaqlíwa,ˈ ʾarzóx hòna,ˈ gozè šaqlíwa,ˈ šezè šaqliwa,ˈ štāḷwè šaqlíwa,ˈ ʾajíle šaqlìwa.ˈ báqa pătiré gbé tarṣìlu.ˈ šišmè šaqlíwa,ˈ ga-belá gbéwa qalwìwalu,ˈ šišmé lá qliwè.ˈ šišmé dărénwalu bar-xá qaḷì,ˈ bar-xá qaḷí ḥăsabì.ˈ gbéwa ba-ʾilà ʾo-toqú doqiwalé-o.ˈ lá xár ba-xá-mdi xèt.ˈ bšəlmanè lá koliwa.ˈ hár hulaé ta-nòšu kolíwalu.ˈ doqiwalu-òˈ măwišíwalu-ó báqa pătirè,ˈ báqa ḥălìq.ˈ ʾéa xá mdìx.ˈ ʾé ʾajilé nătènwaluˈ tá-ge qárwa pătirèˈ kəmríwa báqa ʾənšèˈ sā̀j matwéx.ˈ sā́j maxṣùṣ-yele,ˈ yóma maxṣùṣ.ˈ yatwìwaˈ tămām-e ʾé ʾajilé qălènwalu.ˈ ʾíla lá táqra bàu,ˈ ʾíla ḥamèṣ,ˈ ḥamèṣ lá xărí.ˈ ʾasúr-ile báqa didànˈ m-širinè ʾaxléx,ˈ ġér ʾáz ləxmà lá-hăwe-uˈ betà-uˈ ʾó ləxmá pătirè-uˈ məntắke ʾó qawurmà,ˈ ʾó pəsrá ya-məntắke lilà.ˈ lilăkè trə́ṣwalu.ˈ mən-d-óa ʾazā̀d-yele baqàn.ˈ ʾò kéwalan ʾaxléx.ˈ híč məndíx xét là kəxlexwa,ˈ lá mastà,ˈ lá guptà,ˈ lá xalwà.ˈ híč mən-ʾənyexàeˈ ʾasúr-yele báqan tmánya yomè.ˈ bár tmanyá yomé lelèˈ réša šatá kyáwa qằme.ˈ ʾo-lelé moṣaé xàg.ˈ lelé réša šatá kyáwa qằme,ˈ xá səfrá šăwèxwaˈ mən-d-ày réše loʿáˈ ḥătá ʾò réše loʿá.ˈ ga-belàˈ nunyè tarṣíwa,ˈ nunyè.ˈ ʾarz-hòna-čˈ dušà šaqléxwa.ˈ kărà šaqléxwa.ˈ maṣṣè šaqléxwa.ˈ guptè šaqléxwa.ˈ duxwá tarṣìwa.ˈ qārčè šaqléxwa.ˈ ʾóa sáwzi jàdˈ kəmríwa gilaxà,ˈ gilaxá tarṣìwa.ˈ ʾasfanáj baṣòr hítwa ʾo-waxtắra.ˈ ʾasfanàj tarṣíwa.ˈ pəšpàra tarṣíwa.ˈ qámxa-u bèta tarṣíwa.ˈ haḷwà tarṣíwa.ˈ har-xormá qălénwa-u tarṣìwa.ˈ ʾéa matwíwa rešá səfrà-uˈ ʾáṣər-e ḥàg,ˈ yáni sáʾət ʾárba bàr korá,ˈ təlḥá bàr korá,ˈ xamšà bár korá,ˈ gezíwa báqa sahrà.ˈ gezéxwa báqa sahrá tá-ge ʾarbìt xăráwa.ˈ ga-dóka našé yatwìwaˈ ʾáraq šătoè-uˈ mašrúb šătoè-uˈ mə́ndi xalá-u ʾonyexàe-uˈ ʾo-waxtắra xăráwa bár ʾarbìtˈ šərúʾ kolíwa gəlà čăqénwa.ˈ čún-ge tazá mən-txél talgá plíṭwa waryàˈ čăqénwa-u kmenwa-ó belà.ˈ dărénwale ba-dáwr-e ʾé səfrà.ˈ ʾána géznawa be-Daryuš-xā̀n.ˈ gèznawaˈ ʾéla brixulà hámna baqéf.ˈ jamăké ga-dóka nătènwaleˈ yá xa-mănorá b-d-ó jorà.ˈ har-mən-d-òaˈ nătènawaˈ doqnáwa ba-ʾilì-uˈ kəmnàwaˈ ʾéla-u reš-šatóx hăwén brixè.ˈ năšəqnàwale-uˈ ʾó-č didì năšəqwá-uˈ rába xoš-ḥā̀l xărə́xwa-uˈ yatwə́xwa-uˈ băraxá máre belăkè,ˈ xá-qəṭa mən-ləxmá-e ḥamèṣ dóqwa,ˈ zatyé ya-tarṣíwalu ga-béla bàr-d-o.ˈ mən-d-òaˈ dóqwa ba-ʾilèf-unuˈ dắewala ga-dušà-uˈ ga-kărá mătúwa gàaf-uˈ kwə́lwala ba-ʾilèfˈ kmə́r băraxà már.ˈ ʾo-č băraxá ha-moṣí kmə̀rwa-uˈ kxəlwalà.ˈ ʾéa pătirè.ˈ yóma reš-šáta bəqătà-čˈ tămā́m-e hulaé kŭ́le gezíwa báqa sahrà,ˈ gezíwa sàyər.ˈ xá-năfar ga-béla lá yătùwa.ˈ kŭ́le gezíwa báqa sàyər-uˈ mən-d-áy xála yá-lele trəṣwalù,ˈ mən-d-éa lablíwa mənù.ˈ ʾo-waxtằraˈ xá-əda xètˈ pəsrá ʿăla-ḥădá ntèwaluˈ naṭrìwale,ˈ kolíwale kăbā̀b.ˈ ʾàṣərˈ guré kènwaˈ dóka yatwíwa ba-ʾaràq-uˈ ba-xamrà,ˈ ba-ʾaráq yatwìwa,ˈ ʾéa tarṣìwa báqu.ˈ kăbā̀b kolíwa-uˈ ʾàraq šăténwa ga-doká-uˈ kenwa-ò.ˈ naqoḷè-yela-uˈ nandoè-yela-uˈ sā̀z-yela.ˈ zàrb-yela.ˈ ʾonyexáe kenwáwa tá … kenwáwa belàˈ ʾazadí ḥăsabì hítwaluˈ wa-bšəlmané mozaḥămù lá xăríwa ʾenṣafán.ˈ bšəlmané ʾaḥràˈ muzaḥămù lá xăriwá.ˈ kəmríwa jažnyanà,ˈ kəmríwa báqa d-éa jážn-e făṭìr.ˈ jážn-e făṭír yáni mà?ˈ yáni ləxmá făṭìr,ˈ ləxmé ké là xəmyá-y.ˈ pătiré ʾwìra.ˈ kyáwa ʾăṣàrta.ˈ léle ʾăṣartàˈ ʾó belá yá lăḥà m-ṣalma-ḥaliyéˈ xá miléf milwà,ˈ yăšiwà mătúwa ga-beléf.ˈ tʷká d-éa ga-kništà matwìlaˈ ga-bèla matwíwala.ˈ ʾašxā̀ṣˈ daʿwàt kólwa.ˈ gezíwa dòkaˈ yatwíwa ta-yomàˈ torà-uˈ məšnayotè-uˈ xèta,ˈ kŭ́le ʾənyexàe,ˈ zohàr-uˈ ʾənyé kŭ́le qărénwalu ta-qárwa-e yomà.ˈ qarwá-e yomàˈ šofàr măxénwa baqán.ˈ šofár măxènwa.ˈ ʾèaˈ ʿălamắt-e xoš-ḥàli-yele.ˈ bàr-d-oˈ xá-səfra kmènwaˈ šăwènwa.ˈ ʾanwáʿe mewajắte bikùr,ˈ yáni mewajắte tazàˈ măsălán mangól šèsekˈ dáx ʾắta ga-lăxá táza məṭyá-y kmèn.ˈ méwa kménwa matwìwa.ˈ băraxá kəmrìwaˈ ʾaškabà maždríwa.ˈ kŭ́le belà-čˈ yá kénwa dòkaˈ mən-nóšu qawà-uˈ ya-čày,ˈ yá dārčìnˈ kménwa mə̀nuˈ məntắke qànd.ˈ kwíwale bá-ʾila máre belăkè.ˈ ʾó máre belá-č ba-nobàˈ tărə̀ṣle,ˈ ʾéa be-Daryuš-xā̀n-yeˈ ʾóa be-Manawar-xanə̀m-ye,ˈ ʾóa be-Negàr-ye,ˈ ʾéa be-Əqbā̀l-ye,ˈ ʾéa be-didòx-ye.ˈ ʾéa kmènwale,ˈ kəmríwa baqù.ˈ ʾó waxtằraˈ maʿalmăké ga-dokàˈ ʾaškabá maždə̀rwa-wˈ kŭ́le băraxá kəmrìwa-uˈ šătènwale.ˈ ʾéa ʾèa.ˈ yóma xarwà-uˈ kŭ́le gezíwa báqa kništà.ˈ gezíwa báqa kništà-uˈ bàr-d-oˈ ʾənšé ga-béla má kolìwa?ˈ kălanè tarṣíwa-uˈ šəlkenè,ˈ pərsaxè.ˈ ʾéa ga-belá tarṣìwalu.ˈ kălané mà-yelu?ˈ qamxá kmènwa,ˈ kolíwale ba-lešàˈ mangól ləxmà.ˈ ʾo-waxtằraˈ ʾéa pəṣlè dărénwa gáef.ˈ pəṣlé yăruqé dărénwa gàef,ˈ mandénwalu réša sā̀j.ˈ ʾo-waxtằraˈ mandénwalu pliyáw kărà,ˈ kăré pšiḷà.ˈ ʾéa kmènwale-uˈ šăkár dărénwa rešèf-uˈ kəxlìwale.ˈ ʾéa kălanè-yelu.ˈ šəlkené mà-yelu?ˈ beé kmènwa.ˈ qamxá dărénwa ga-beăkè.ˈ ba-xalwà tarṣíwalun-u.ˈ solusyòn tarṣíwa.ˈ ʾé solusyón kménwale réša sā̀j.ˈ dărénwa réša sā̀j-uˈ ʾéa kolíwale xá ṭaʿìm.ˈ xá xorak-e rába ʿayzà.ˈ ʾó-č dărénwale ga-pliyáw məšxà,ˈ šắkar dărénwa rešèf-uˈ kəxlìwale.ˈ ʾéa xorakù-yeleˈ rába ʿayzá ʾo-yomà.ˈ yomá dowòmˈ tămām-e hulaé kŭ́le gezíwa báqa sàyər,ˈ hár mangól yóme reš-šatà.ˈ kŭ́le gezíwa báqa sàyər.ˈ gezíwa ʾAmanyà-uˈ báqa ʾAməlyà-uˈ báqa Saqawà-uˈ báqa Zafariyà-uˈ Mowarakawà-uˈ Xasràwa-u.ˈ ʾənyexáe kŭ́le gezìwa.ˈ gezìwa,ˈ b-ʾàṣərˈ bə́xle kenwa-ò,ˈ hár ba-d-ó jorá yá ʾarzòx wilí.ˈ yóma dowòm,ˈ ʾáṣər kenwa-òˈ ʾáraq šătoè-uˈ kéf walàˈ tá geziwa-ó belà.ˈ ʾèa-č ʾăṣartá.ˈ ʾătá hiyéxin réša … tə́šʾa ba-ʾĀ̀b.ˈ tə́šʿa ba-ʾĀ̀bˈ hulaé ràba yaqurtá doqíwala.ˈ nawád dar-ṣáde hulaé ṣomà-yelu,ˈ ṣomé ṣəhyòn.ˈ təšʿa ba-ʾĀ̀b,ˈ kŭ́le hulaé doqìwale.ˈ bíš baṣór náše hítwa ṣomá la-doqìwa.ˈ mắgar rába naxòš xírăweˈ yá rába na-raḥàt xírăweˈ ʾelá huláe kŭ́le doqìwa.ˈ bawàř-hul,ˈ yála trèsar šəné,ˈ xámsar šəné dòqwale.ˈ mən-ʾàṣref-oˈ sáʿat xamšà bar-koráˈ xalà kəxlíwa,ˈ xét là kəxlíwaˈ har-tá qáwme lelè.ˈ lélef-o gezíwa báqa kništàˈ ga-dóka šratà lá malqíwa.ˈ tanhá xa-šratá matwíwa báqa xa-šàmʿ.ˈ matwíwa kèˈ ḥaxămăkèˈ héle qărèˈ qam-ʾenèf hawyá.ˈ wắle híč-kas šratá lìtwale.ˈ kenwà-o-č béla,ˈ mən-kništá-č kenwà-oˈ šratá lìtwalu.ˈ be-šratà-yelu.ˈ ba-yād-e d-eà-y kéˈ bet-ha-məqdáš werā̀n xirté-yaˈ ʾaxní là-xar šratá hăwélan.ˈ ḥắta xášti ʾašxā́ṣ-e qitsonì-hitwalanˈ syamé là lošíwa kénwa kništá.ˈ syamé là loší kénwa kništá,ˈ be-syamé gezíwa-o belà.ˈ ʾaqlá qlăpì gezíwa-o belá.ˈ yomá ṣəhyón-e bə̀qăta-čˈ šalóm là dărénwa lə́xle.ˈ be-šalòm.ˈ ḥáli xărèt?ˈ šalòm lá dărénwa.ˈ ʾā́t gezə́twa tʷkanà,ˈ ʾăxonóx dóka yelè,ˈ là kəmrə́twa báqef šalóm ʿălexém.ˈ ʾo kằewa ke-ta-má lá kəmréte,ˈ čún ʾə́zyo šalòm la-xár hamrét.ˈ ṣəhyòn-yela.ˈ ʾàṣərˈ hár xăráwa qárwa mənḥà,ˈ xet-ʾo-waxtằraˈ mutā̀r-yele baqéfˈ šăḥiṭà kolíwa.ˈ tmanyà yoméˈ ʾé-əč tmánya yomé mən-yomàˈ ṣəhyòn,ˈ mən-yomá reš-yarxé ʾĀ̀bˈ ḥătá yóma ṣəhyònˈ pəsrà lá kəxlíwa huláe.ˈ híč pəsrá ḥáq lítwalu dabḥi-ò.ˈ šăḥità lá xăráwa ga-pliyáw huláe.ˈ mən-yóma ṣəhyònˈ ke-xăràwaˈ bár kóra ṣəhyón šăḥiṭà kolíwa.ˈ ʾò-waxtăraˈ xàšti baté kéˈ morăfàh-yelu,ˈ máre doltà-yeluˈ ʾərbá dabḥiwà-oˈ qorbā̀n kolíwa.ˈ báqa d-eà-y ke-hamríˈ ya-rắbi škùr.ˈ šăbát naḥamù-ya ʾătá.ˈ xíra naḥamú bár korà,ˈ wáxt-e šăbát naḥamùˈ kŭ́le doqìwala-uˈ mangól xá ʾelá ḥăsabìˈ gezíwa báqa sáyər-u gardèš.ˈ ʾéa šăbát naḥamù.ˈ ʾătá hiyéxin baqàˈ ḥănukaè.ˈ ḥănukàe,ˈ tmanyà yoméˈ ḥănukàe doqíwala.ˈ šratá har-dáx b-ay-jóra ga-lăxá malqì,ˈ kŭ́le béla ga-doká šratá malqìwa.ˈ halbătá šámʿ là-yela ga-doká.ˈ kŭ́le širà-yele.ˈ ʾòaˈ kmèxwale-o.ˈ ʾənšé pìrˈ plulyè tarṣíwaˈ ba-kətanà.ˈ ʾənšé pìrˈ ba-maṣwáe nòšuˈ kwìwa.ˈ báqa hár-kas gezə́lwa kəmrìwaˈ xán hól baqán báqa šráe ḥănukàeˈ kwə́lwa baqù.ˈ ʾóa matwə́xwale pliyáw ʾo-săfā̀lˈ ʾo-waxtắra šráe ba-d-áy jorá malqèxwa.ˈ kŭ́lăni-č ʾo-lelèˈ məzmór šel-Ḥănukà qăréxwala,ˈ ha-nisím-u nəflawotáf qărèxwalunu,ˈ ba-xoš-ḥalí-u ba-šadìˈ mangól lăxà,ˈ ʾaval rába bíš ʿayzà.ˈ ʾea-č ʾèa.ˈ tmanyà lelé hítwalan.ˈ lelé ʾăwàḷˈ xà-dana malqéxwa,ˈ lelé duwòmˈ trè-dane,ˈ təlḥà-dane,ˈ ta-léle xéta tmanyà-dane malqə́xwa.ˈ ʾea-č ba-d-èele.ˈ ʾătá kéxwa réša bár Ḥănukaè.ˈ xăràwaˈ məzdáne ʾilanè.ˈ məzdáne ʾilané Ṭú la-Šwàṭ.ˈ Ṭú la-Šwàṭˈ xamsár-e Šăwàṭ.ˈ mà koléxwa?ˈ kŭ́le belàˈ ʾanwā́ʿ-u ʾaqsằmeˈ mewà ga-belá,ˈ ʾó-waxtăra sə̀twa-yele-u,ˈ yaxčā́l lìtwa,ˈ mà kolíwa?ˈ tălènwaleˈ ga-belà.ˈ ʾaspaglè tălénwa,ˈ kămerè tălénwa,ˈ ʾarmonyè tălénwa,ˈ băṣirè tălénwa,ˈ xămušè tălénwa.ˈ báqa lə̀ma gbétulu?ˈ báqa lelé məzdané ʾilanè.ˈ xášti šwətyè năténwaˈ báqa lelé məzdané ʾilanè.ˈ ʾo-waxtắra lelé məzdané ʾilanè,ˈ ga-réša kursìˈ xa-səfrá šăwènwa,ˈ ʾonyexáe kŭ́le matwíwalu réša ʾay-kursì.ˈ ʾo-waxtằraˈ ʾána šárnawa báqa béla Daryuš-xā̀nˈ tabrík kəmnáwa baqèf.ˈ mən-d-ənyexáe kŭ́le hár-xa xa-dána mătunáwa ga-xá dawrì-uˈ kəwnáwale ba-ʾíla bronì,ˈ ya-kəwnáwale ba-ʾíla nokarì,ˈ kəwnáwalu lablíwalu məntắke d-éa báqa be-Daryuš-xā̀nˈ ʾelóx hawyá brixtà.ˈ ʾó-č rába ḥàs kólwa-uˈ qémwa ʾó-č xa-məqdā̀rˈ m-éa nătèwaleˈ dubára ʾò-č šárwa báqa didí d-èa.ˈ ʾó-č šàrwa,ˈ o-waxtằraˈ màʿləme má kolíwa,ˈ maʿləmé kništà?ˈ təlḥà kništé hítwalan.ˈ təlḥà kništé hitwalán,ˈ xá kništá rabtà-yela,ˈ ʾu-xá kništá zortà-uˈ xá kništá ḥadàš.ˈ maʿlə́m-e kništá rabtàˈ báqa sakənìn-e kništá nošèf,ˈ ʾăhalí-e kništá nošèfˈ mănorà maždə́rwa,ˈ hár mangól d-òa.ˈ mănorá maždə̀rwaˈ báqa d-èaˈ ʾelóx hawyá brixtà.ˈ máre belăkè-čˈ ba-tăfawòtˈ pùḷ kwə́lwaˈ xán xamšà qărané,ˈ trè qărané,ˈ hár-či ʾiléf doqàwaˈ kwə́lwa mătúwa ga-dawriăkè-uˈ kwə́lwale ba-ʾilá šagərdèfˈ ʾu-lăbə́lwale báqa măḷăkè,ˈ báqa maʿləmăkè.ˈ ʾéa-č ʾèa.ˈ məzdané ʾilanèˈ b-ày jorá wilán.ˈ ʾătá kéxin baqá Lelangè.ˈ Purìm.ˈ Lelangé ma-jòr-yela?ˈ xá-šo qắme Purìmˈ šatá Mošé Răbénu ʿaláw ha-šalòm-yela.ˈ kŭ́le gezíwa báqa kništà.ˈ ga-kništá ʾo-lelèˈ ḥaxám-e kništà,ˈ ḥaxám-e kništà ga-dokáˈ darùš kólwaˈ Mošé Răbénu ʿaláw ha-šalóm dàx m-ʿolā́m zíl,ˈ mà wíle,ˈ zăḥamtá mà grə́šle báqa huláe.ˈ ba-d-áy joràˈ šárḥ kwə́lwa báqa didàn,ˈ ʾu-b-ày jorá-čˈ mən-ʿolā̀m zíl.ˈ ga-dóka kŭ́le na-raḥàt xăríwa-uˈ kenwá-o belà.ˈ kyáwa réša lelé Lelangè.ˈ yóm Lelangé kŭ́le ṣomà-yelu.ˈ hulàeˈ rŭwé ta-zorèˈ kŭ́le ṣomá doqìwa.ˈ ʾàṣərˈ ṣomá là faṭríwa.ˈ gezíwa báqa kništà,ˈ măgilà qărénwa ba-kništá,ˈ măgilá-e ʾEstèr.ˈ xàˈ məndí xét hìtwalanˈ ke-ga-tʷke-xét lìtˈ ba-šəmá tănu-širà.ˈ tănu-širàˈ maʿləmé dokàˈ xá-mdi trə́ṣwalu maxṣúṣ-e nòšu-yelaˈ ke-ba-ʾaramít kləwtè-ya.ˈ ʾătá maxwénaf ʾə́lox ʾā̀t.ˈ ʾèaˈ maxṣúṣ-e Kurdəstā̀n-yela.ˈ ga-Sanandàj-yela,ˈ ga-hìč-tʷka xét ʾéa lìtwa.ˈ ḥătá ga-Hămadā̀nˈ ke-markắz-e Šúšan ha-birà-yela,ˈ Mordăxáy-u ʾEstér ga-dóka yelù,ˈ ʾána dóka xirèna,ˈ ge-ga-dóka ʾéa là kắenwa qărénwalaˈ ʾéa lìtwalu qărénwala.ˈ ʾéa maxṣúṣ-e nòšan-yela.ˈ ʾarz-hònaˈ ʾéa qărènwala.ˈ ʾéa qəryàlu,ˈ qemíwa kenwá-o belà.ˈ qemíwa kenwá-o belà,ˈ ga-doká ṣomà faṭríwa.ˈ ʾèaˈ Lelangè-yela.ˈ bəqắta gezíwa bazā̀rˈ kŭ́le kəmrìwaˈ taʿnitóx hăwé qăbùl.ˈ taʿnít dwə̀qlox.ˈ taʿnitóx hăwé qăbùl.ˈ ʾelóx hawyá brixtàˈ ʾəlhá mantè.ˈ kŭ́le šata ba-ləbá băsimà-uˈ qáləb sā̀q doqéte.ˈ bar Lelangèˈ pătirè-yelaˈ ké ʾarzóx wìli,ˈ qắme-o mìri baqóx.ˈ	The Jews of the town of Sanandaj, like the Jews of other places, observed all the festivals. First Passover. Secondly Shavuot—Lag Ba-ʿOmer, then Shavuot, second Passover, then Shavuot. After Shavuot we came to the seventeenth of Tamuz. After that the Ninth of Av. Sabbath _Naḥamu._ Then New Year. The Day of Atonement. After these came Ḥanukka. After Ḥanukka Tu bə-Shvat. Then Purim. What did they do at Passover. In our community they observed Passover very strictly. A month after Tu bə-Shvat, they considered what preparations should be made for Passover. They would find the best wheat. They would bring it home. The women would sit and sort it grain by grain, lest there be something extraneous in it, whether it be something that is not good or whether it be leaven. Then they would make another inspection (to ensure) that it was clean again. Afterwards, close to the time Passover took place, they hired a water-mill. A water-mill (that is) a mill. The hired it and a beadle would go there. He had to go and clean it, lest there was flour there. The bread must not become leavened. Then, when he had cleaned them, he would come back and say the mill of Qasim, or the mill of Daraqurdale or the mill of Ḥaplul are ready for the Jews (to use). Then they would go there. Every family put its own wheat on a the back of donkey and took it there. They made flour as it should be made and brought it home. They did not allow a Muslim to touch it, only they themselves (were allowed). A Muslim was not allowed to touch it. This is what concerns the flour. Now, what else did they do? After that they had to make bread, make matzos. How did they make matzos? They brought somebody. After they had done this work, a person came to the house and weighed (out the flour) for them, that is (he weighed out) what they call an ʿomer. Each ʿomer was a kilo and a half. They poured out a kilo and a half of the flour into a large bowl. They put it onto scales, scales. They weighed it. The family of dear Daryuš, for example, needs fifteen ʿomers. My family needs twelve. His family needs twenty, his family thirty, according to the different (numbers) of people, how many people they had to eat the food. In this way they weighed it out. They put it aside. After that they came to the oven. They had to heat the oven beforehand so that the oven did not contain leaven. There were a few families who had a separate oven especially for Passover. We, for example, had a separate oven for Passover. People did not touch it until Passover. Then a person would come and knead the ʿomer. He kneaded the flour and made it into dough. He made it into dough in a copper bowl, which he had covered in white beforehand. They had become white, they had coated them with white. I say especially ‘They had coated them with white’. This could not be unwhitened. They had to coat it with white lest leaven had been eaten in the food. They brought it and he kneaded it. He handed it over to the baker, the woman who opened out the bread (dough), the woman who opened out the bread (dough)—he delivered it (the dough) to her piece by piece. She opened it out with a rolling-pin. She opened the bread out with a rolling-pin—the one who puts the bread in the oven. It was a Muslim who put the bread in the oven. A Jew did not know (how to do it). But in some places there was sometimes only a Jew (who did it, such as) ʾAwle from Săqəz, may God give him rest. ʾAwle from Săqəz, may God give him rest, would himself both knead it and also put it into the oven. He was from Săqəz. He did not allow a Muslim to put it in the oven. He put the bread into the oven himself. That is bread. Then she (the baker) came to (make) matzos. They made three (types of) matzos. One matzo with one lump. One matzo with two lumps. One mazto with three lumps. On the night of Passover we say a blessing, then two and three. I shall tell you later. The mistress of the house or the woman who made the bread would make these matzos. They would put them in the oven themselves. They did not give them to the Muslim woman. They themselves put them in the oven. They were special. No hand could touch them until they said the blessing on the night of Passover. They would say to us ‘Be careful, do not eat this bread. If you eat this bread, your stomach will split’. We were children. They used to threaten us. You must not eat this bread until they say its blessing on Passover night. This (was done) in this way. This concerns our bread. Then they brought _qawurma_, which they made in the autumn, _qawurma_ specially for Passover. They took the _qawurma_ and put it in earthenware pots, earthenware pots—they would call this a clay pot, clay pots. They put it in this and put liquid fat of a sheep’s tail on top of it (to preserve it). They put it in a very cold place, so that they could eat it for Passover. In addition to this Passover bread, which we used to make, we (made other bread in which) instead of its water we put eggs. In every ʿomer we would put in fifteen, ten, or twelve eggs. They put this in and made bread with it. This would be digested more quickly. They did not make it in every family, (only in) a few families. This is the subject of meat. Now, from the beginning of autumn the men would go to the market and would buy seed snacks, I say to you, they would buy walnuts, they would buy almonds, they would buy peaches, they would buy mixed nuts. They had to make them for Passover. They bought sesame, which they had to clean in the house, (since it was) uncleaned sesame. They poured the sesame over a carpet, a suitable carpet. Then they had take away their husks by hand. It was not possible to do it with something else. The Muslims did not do this. Only the Jews did it for themselves. They took them (the husks) away and dried them (the sesame) for Passover, to (make) _ḥăliq_ paste. This is one thing. They would put the mixed nuts aside until close to Passover they would say to the women ‘Let’s put out the griddle’. The griddle was a special one, (for) a special day. They sat and fried all those mixed nuts. Nobody touched them, with a hand polluted with leaven, so that they did not become polluted with leaven. We are forbidden to eat sweets, with the exception of what did not have bread (in it), an egg, the Passover bread, together with the _qawurma_ and the meat with the fat of the sheep’s tail. They made the fat of the sheep’s tail. It was permitted for us to eat any of this. We could eat this. We did not eat anything else, not yoghurt, not cheese, not milk. None of these (did we eat), they were forbidden to us for eight days. After eight days New Year’s Eve came upon (us). That night was the end of the festival. New Year’s Eve came and we spread out a cloth from this end of the room to that end of the room. At home they cooked fish. Moreover, they bought honey. The bought butter. They bought unleavened bread. They bought cheese. They made _duxwa_. We bought mushrooms. The mixed herbs called _gilaxa_, we would cook _gilaxa_. At that time spinach was scarce—we cooked spinach. We made omelettes. We made flour and egg dishes. We made _haḷwa._ They also fried dates and prepared them. They placed them on the cloth. In the evening of the festival, that is at four o’clock in the afternoon, three in the afternoon, five in the afternoon, they would go to the fields. We would go into the fields until it was time for evening prayers. People sat there and drank arak, drank (other) drinks, (ate) some food and the like. Then, after evening prayers they began to pick herbs. When they had just sprouted out of the snow, they would pick them and bring them home. They put them around the cloth. I would go to Mr. Daryuš. I would go to wish him a happy festival. They would raise mirrors there, or a candle stick in the same way. I would lift up such (a mirror), hold it in my hand and say ‘May your festival and New Year be blessed’. I would kiss him and he would kiss me. We became very jolly. We sat down. (Then came) the blessing of the head of the household—he would hold a piece of leavened bread, pitta breads, which they made in the house afterwards. He held this in his hand, he put it in honey, he would put butter on it. He would put it in his hand and say ‘Say a blessing’. He then would say the (blessing) ‘The One Who brings out (bread from the earth)’ and eat it. This is Passover. On New Year’s Day, in the morning, all the Jews went to the fields, they would go on a picnic. Nobody stayed in the house. Everybody went on a picnic. They took food that they had made (the previous) evening. Others who had put meat aside and preserved it made it into kebabs. In the evening the men would come and sit there with arak, with wine. They would sit with arak, which they made for themselves. They would make kebabs and they would drink arak there, then they would come back. There was dancing, there was jigging. There were musical instruments. There was a drum. Then they came home. It was a proper holiday and, indeed, the Muslims did not disturb them. The Muslims of the town did not disturb them. They said (in Kurdish) _jažnyana_’. They called it _jažn-e faṭir._ What does _jažn-e faṭir_ mean? It means unleavened bread, bread that has not risen. Passover passed by and Pentecost came. On the eve of Pentecost, any household in which—may it be far from the face of those present—somebody had died would hold a gathering. Instead of holding it in a synagogue they held it at home. He would invite people. They would go there and they would sit until dawn reading Torah, Mishnah, and all such things, Zohar, all of these until near dawn. Near dawn they would blow the shofar for us. They would blow the shofar. This was a sign of happiness. Then they would bring a cloth and lay it out. They bring types of first fruits, that is fresh fruits, like loquat, which has just become ripe here. They would bring fruit and lay it down. They said a blessing and perform a memorial of burial. Every family that came there would bring with them coffee, tea or cinnamon, together with sugar. They would deliver it to the master of the house. The master of the house would make (presentations) in turn. ‘This is (a gift of the) family of Daryuš-xān. This is (a gift of) the family of Manawar-xanəm. This is (a gift of) the family of Negar. This is (a gift of) the family of Iqbāl. This is (a gift of) your family. They would bring this and they would be announced. Then, the rabbi there would perform the burial memorial. Everybody would say the blessing and they would drink to him. That is that. The dawn came and they would all go to the synagogue. They went to the synagogue and then what did the women in the house do? They would make _kălane_ (onion pastries), _šəlkene_ (cakes) and _pərsaxe_ (sesame pastries). They made them in the house. What are _kălane_? They would bring flour and make it into dough, like bread. Then they would put onions in it. They would put green onions in it and put them on a griddle. Then they put them in butter, melted butter. They brought it and put sugar on it and ate it. This is _kălane_. What are _šəlkane_? They would bring eggs. They put flour in the eggs. They mixed them with milk. They made a solution. They brought the solution and put it on a griddle. They put it on a griddle and made it into something tasty. It was a very delicious food. They put it in oil. They put sugar on it and ate it. This was their food, (and) very delicious (it was), on that day. On the second day all the Jews went on a picnic, just like at New Year. They all went on a picnic. They went to Amanya, to Aməlya, to Saqawa, to Zafariya, to Mowarakawa, to Xasrawa. They went to all of these. They went and returned together in the evening, in the same way as I said to you (before). On the second day, in the evening they would come back, drink arak, have fun, until they went home. This is Pentecost. Now we have come to the Ninth of Ab. The Jews would observe the Ninth of Ab very strictly. Ninety percent of the Jews fasted, the fast of Zion. All the Jews observed the Ninth of Av. There were only very few people did not fast. Even if somebody was very ill or was very unwell, nevertheless all the Jews observed (the fast). Believe me, a boy twelve years old (and one) fifteen years old would observe it. That evening at five o’clock in the afternoon they would eat food, but did not eat again until the night of the next day. On that night they went to the synagogue and there did light a lamp. They only placed one light in the form of candle. They placed it so that the rabbi could read and it could be before his eyes, otherwise nobody had a light. Also (when) they came home, they came home from the synagogue, they did not have a light. They were without a light. It was in memory of the fact that the Sanctuary had been destroyed, that we were not permitted to have a light. We even had a few extremists who did not wear shoes when they came to the synagogue. They did not wear shoes when they came to the synagogue. They went home without shoes. They went home barefoot. Also on the day of Zion in the morning they did not greet one another. (They met) without greeting. Do you understand? They did not offer a greeting. If you went to a shop and your brother was there, you would not say to him ‘Greetings to you.’ He knew why you did not say it to him, since on that day you could not say a greeting. It was (the day of) Zion. In the evening, just as it was getting near evening prayer, it was then again permitted to perform slaughtering. For eight days, for the eight days from the day of Zion, the day of beginning of Ab until the day of Zion the Jews did not eat meat. They were not permitted to slaughter any meat. Slaughtering was not permitted among the Jews. From the day of Zion, after noon of (the day) of Zion, they slaughtered. At that time a few families who were comfortable, who were rich, slaughtered a sheep and made a sacrifice. This was in order for them to say ‘Thank you Oh Lord’. It is now Shabbat _Naḥamu_. When it was the afternoon of Shabbat _Naḥamu_, when it was Shabbat _Naḥamu_, everybody observed it like a proper festival and went on a picnic and an outing. This is Shabbat _Naḥamu_. Now we have come to Hanukkah. Hanukkah—they observed Hanukkah for eight days. Just as they light a lamp here, every family there used to light a lamp. Of course there was no wax there. Everything was vegetable oil. We brought that (from outside). Old women would make wicks out of flax. Old women would give them as their good deed. To everybody who went (to them) they would say ‘Give us a little for the Hanukkah lamps’ and he would give to them. We put it (the vegetable oil) in a pot. At that time we lit lamps in this way. All of us that night read the psalm of Hanukkah, we would read ‘the miracles and His wonderful acts’, with happiness and joy, like here, but much better. That is that. We had eight nights. On the first night we lit one (candle), on the second night two, three, until the night … we lit eight. That is that. Now we came to (the period) after Hanukkah. (The festival of) the Gifts of Trees took place. The Gift of Trees was Tu Bə-Shvat, Tu bə-Shvat, the fifteenth of Shvat. What did we do? Every family (had) all types of fruit in the house—at that time it was winter, there was no refrigerator, what did they do? They hung it (the fruit) in the house. They hung quinces, they hung pears, they hung pomegranates, they hung grapes, they hung apples. For when do you need them? For the night of the Gift of Trees. Some preserved watermelons for the night of the Gift of Trees. Then on the night of the Gift of Trees they would spread a cloth on the seat and they would put all of them on the seat. Then I would send to the house of Daryuš-khan and convey to him good wishes. I would put one of each of these on a plate and give it to my son, or I would give it to my servant, I would give them and they would take them with this (plate) in order (to say) ‘May your festival be blessed’ to the family of Daryuš-khan. He was very moved and he also would take some of the same and then he also would send that to me. He used to send it—now, what did the rabbis do? We had three synagogues, one synagogue was large, one small and one new. The rabbi of the big synagogue would send a menora to the congregation of his synagogue, the people of his synagogue, like that one. He would send a menora in order (to say) ‘May your festival be blessed’. The householder would give money in varying amounts, a little, five qărans, two qărans—whatever he could lay his hand on he would give and place on the plate, give it to his servant and he would take it to the rabbi, to the rabbi. That is that. We held (the festival of) the Gift of Trees in this way. Now we come to _Lelange_, Purim. What was Lelange like? A week before Purim was the birthday of Moses our Lord, peace be upon him. Everybody went to the synagogue. In the synagogue that night, the rabbi of the synagogue, the rabbi of the synagogue there would give a homily concerning how Moses our Lord, peace be upon him, passed away from the world, what he did, what trouble he took for the Jews. In this way he gave us a sermon and (told us) how he (Moses) passed away from the world. Everybody there became sad and they went home. The night of Purim came. On the day of Purim everybody fasted. The Jews, old and young, would all keep the fast. In the evening they did not break the fast. They would go to the synagogue and read the Scroll in the synagogue, the Scroll of Esther. We has something else, which was not found elsewhere, by the name of _Tănu-šira_ (‘Give a song’). _Tănu-šira_—the rabbis there created something that was special to them, which was written in Aramaic. I shall show it to you in a minute. It was a speciality of Kurdistan. It was in Sanandaj but was not found in any other place. Even in Hamadan, which was the centre of Shushan the capital—Mordechai and Esther were there, and I have been there (and found) that there they did not know how to read it (the Purim song). They could not recite it. It was special to us. I tell you, they used to read it. When they had read it, they got up and went home. They got up and went home and broke their fast there. This was Purim. In the morning they went to the market and everybody said ‘May your fast be accepted. You have fasted. May your fast be accepted. May your festival be blessed, God willing. May you keep it (the fast) every year with a good heart and a healthy body. After Purim was Passover, which I have told to you about before.

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Transcription:

hulaé ʾáḥra Sanandā̀j,ˈ mangól hulaé sáer-e tʷké xèt,ˈ ʾelăwaèˈ doqìwalu kŭlé.ˈ ʾawáḷ pătirè.ˈ duwóm ʾăṣartà.ˈ lā-la-ʿòmerˈ bár-d-o ʾăṣartà.ˈ pésaḥ šèniˈ bár-d-o ʾăṣartà.ˈ bár ʾăṣartá kèxwa,ˈ šoasár ba-tămùz-yele-uˈ bár-d-o təšʿá ba-ʾĀ̀b.ˈ šăbát naḥamù.ˈ bár-d-o roš-ha-šanà.ˈ kipùr.ˈ bár d-ənyexàeˈ kyáwa ḥănukaè.ˈ bár ḥănukaé məzdané ʾilanè.ˈ bár-d-o lelangè.ˈ

mà kolíwa ga-pătiré?ˈ pătiré ga-lága didànˈ rába moḥkàm doqíwala.ˈ xá-yarxá bár ʾilanè,ˈ ʾənyexáe ga-fkə́r kwénwa ké báqa pătiré má lazə́m-ye tahyà holí.ˈ béhtar-e zăràˈ tăḥènwale.ˈ kménwale ga-belà.ˈ yatwíwa ʾənšèˈ dána ba-dána găbènwale,ˈ lá-bada xá-mdi xarəjí gáef hăwè,ˈ ʿayzà la-hăwé,ˈ ḥamèṣ hăwé.ˈ bàr-d-oˈ ód pàʾamˈ bădiqà kolíwaleˈ ké dubara tămìz.ˈ baʿdànˈ qarwá pătiré ké xarwà,ˈ ʾorxèlˈ ʾijàra kolíwa.ˈ ʾorxèl,ˈ ṭaxonà,ˈ ʾijará kolìwa,ˈ šămā́š gezə́lwa báqa dokàˈ gbéwa hezə́lwa tămíz hòlwala,ˈ ké lá báda qamxàˈ ga-dóka hăwè.ˈ ʾay-ləxmá lá-xar ḥaméṣ xăzə̀r.ˈ ʾó waxtằraˈ wáxt-e tămíz wililè,ˈ kewá-o kmərwàˈ ʾorxél Qasə̀mˈ yá ʾorxél Dărăqurdalè,ˈ yá ʾorxél Ḥaplùlˈ ʾéa ʾămadéni bàqaˈ hulaè.ˈ pàsˈ gezíwa báqa dokà-uˈ hár belàˈ zărá-e béla nóšef mătúwa réša xá ṭaʿná xmarà-uˈ lăbə́lwale ga-dokà.ˈ kólwale qamxá ḥăsabì-uˈ kmewale-ó bèla.ˈ lá šóqwa bšəlmaná ʾíla dắe bàef,ˈ hár nòšu.ˈ bšəlmaná ḥáq lìtwale ʾíla dắe bàef.ˈ ʾéa rajə́ʾ ba-qamxà.ˈ ʾătá xet-mà kolíwa?ˈ bàr-d-oˈ gbènwaˈ ləxmà tarṣí,ˈ matsòt tarṣí.ˈ matsót má-jor tarṣiwà?ˈ kménwa xà năfár.ˈ bar-d-èaˈ ʾay-ḥášta wilàlu,ˈ xá nắfar kéwa ga-belà,ˈ tăqə̀lwale baqú,ˈ yáni ʿòmer kəmríwa baqéf.ˈ hár ʿòmerˈ xá kilo-u pəlgè.ˈ xá-kilo-u pə̀lgeˈ mən-d-áy qamxàˈ dărénwa ga-pliyáw xá kasá rabtà.ˈ mătíwale ga-pliyáw xá măsalà,ˈ tărazù,ˈ taqlìwale.ˈ ʾèaˈ béla Daryúš gyā̀n,ˈ măsălàn,ˈ xamsàr ʿomeré gbé.ˈ béla didìˈ tresàr gbé.ˈ béla d-ó ʾəsrì gbé,ˈ béla d-ó ṭlài,ˈ ba-tăfawót-e našăkè,ˈ čəkmá năfăre-hítwalu xála ʾaxlì.ˈ b-ày-joraˈ ʾéa taqlìwale.ˈ ʾéa ba-ʿăla ḥădà matwíwale.ˈ bàr-d-oˈ kénwa tănurà.ˈ tănurá gbèwaˈ qằme-oˈ maqlìwalaˈ ké tănurá ḥaméṣ là hawyá.ˈ xášti báte hìtwaˈ tănurá-e ʿăla-ḥădá maxṣúṣ baqàˈ pătirè hítwalu.ˈ ʾáxni măsălànˈ tănurá ga-belàˈ ʿăla-ḥădá báqa pătirè hítwalan.ˈ ʾilá lá dăénwa báaf ta-pătirè.ˈ bár-d-o xá năfár kéwa dokàˈ ʿòmer ʿéčwa.ˈ qamxà ʿéčwale.ˈ kólwale ba-lešà.ˈ kólwale ba-lešá ga-pliyáw xa-ṭášt-e mesìˈ ke-qắme-o xwartá wilawale-òˈ xwaré xiriwà-uˈ məqrəxiwalu-ò.ˈ maxṣuṣàn kmə́rnaˈ məqrəxiwalu-ò.ˈ ʾéa là xárwa ʾo-lá qrixá hăwè.ˈ gbé maqrəxiwale-òˈ lá bàdaˈ xoràkaˈ ḥaméṣ ga-d-éa xila-hăwè.ˈ ʾéa kmènwale-uˈ ʿèčwale.ˈ kwə́lwale taḥwíl-e nanawakā̀r.ˈ ʾó yá ləxmà kolawà-o,ˈ ʾó yá ləxmăké kolawale-ò,ˈ kwə́lwale taḥwíl-e d-óa dána danà.ˈ ʾó-č kolawale-òˈ ba-gerà.ˈ ba-géra kolawale-ó ləxmăkè,ˈ ʾó-ya ləxmăké dăyále ba-tănurà,ˈ ʾó bšəlmantè-ya ləxmá dăyáwa ba-tănurá.ˈ hulaà lá kắewa.ˈ wắle ga-xaští tʷkèˈ hítwa fắqat hulaà-yeleˈ ʾəlhá măníxle ʾAwlé săqəzì.ˈ ʾəlhá măníxle ʾAwlé săqəzí nòšefˈ hám ʿèčwaleˈ hám dắewale ba-tănurà.ˈ ʾó săqəzì-yele.ˈ ʾòa lá šóqwa bšəlmanàˈ dắele ba-tănùra,ˈ nòšef dắewale ba-tănúra ləxmăkè.ˈ ʾéa ləxmà.ˈ ʾó waxtằraˈ kyáwa réša maṣṣaè.ˈ təlḥá dané maṣṣaè tarṣíwa.ˈ xá maṣṣàˈ xá mămonà.ˈ xá maṣṣá tré mămonè.ˈ xá maṣṣa təlḥá mămonè.ˈ léle pătirèˈ băraxá tré təlḥà kəmréxileˈ bàr-d-o kəmnóx.ˈ ʾé maṣṣaèˈ baxtá máre belăkè,ˈ yá ʾo-baxtá-e ləxmăkè kolawale-ó,ˈ tarṣàwalu.ˈ nòšu dăyíwalu ba-tănurà.ˈ lá kwíwalu ba-ʾíla báxta bšəlmantăkè-č.ˈ nóšu dăyíwalu ba-tănurà.ˈ ʾənyexáe maxṣùṣ-yeniˈ lá-xar ʾíla táqra báu ta-léle pătiré baraxà hamrí.ˈ kəmríwa báqa didànˈ ʾamā̀nˈ mən-d-áy ləxmá là ʾaxlétun.ˈ ʾắgar mən-d-áy ləxmá ʾaxlètun,ˈ kasăxún bazyà.ˈ yalè-yelan.ˈ tahdìd koliwalán.ˈ lá báda mən-d-áy ləxmá ʾaxlètunˈ ta-léle pătiré baraxèf hamríla.ˈ ʾèa-čˈ ba-d-áy jorà.ˈ ʾéa rájəʾ ba-ləxmàn.ˈ ʾó waxtằraˈ kménwa qawurmà kolíwa ba-payíz,ˈ qawurmá maxṣúṣ báqa pătirè.ˈ qawurmá nătènwaˈ dărénwale ga-qoqé gəḷì,ˈ qoqé ṭinanè.ˈ qoqá săfā̀l kəmríwa baqéf,ˈ qoqé săfàli.ˈ dărénwale ga-d-òa,ˈ máe lilá dărénwa rešèf.ˈ matwíwale ga-tʷká rába qăriràˈ ké báqa pătiré mən-d-èa ʾaxlí.ˈ ʿăláwa ba-d-áy lə́xma pătiré ké tarṣəxwalè,ˈ mən-tʷka maèfˈ mən-bèe dăréxwa gáef.ˈ hár ʿómer xamsàr dáne,ˈ ʾəsrà dáne,ˈ trèsar dáneˈ bée dăréxwa gàefˈ tʷká maè.ˈ ʾéa matwìwaleˈ ləxmà kolíwa báef,ˈ ʾéa bíš hàya házm xárwa.ˈ kŭ́le béla là tarṣíwa,ˈ xàšti báte.ˈ ʾéa-č mawzóʿ-e pəsrà.ˈ ʾò-waxtăraˈ mən-ʾăwáḷ-e payìz,ˈ ʾé-ga guré gezíwa bazā̀rˈ tomè šaqlíwa,ˈ ʾarzóx hòna,ˈ gozè šaqlíwa,ˈ šezè šaqliwa,ˈ štāḷwè šaqlíwa,ˈ ʾajíle šaqlìwa.ˈ báqa pătiré gbé tarṣìlu.ˈ šišmè šaqlíwa,ˈ ga-belá gbéwa qalwìwalu,ˈ šišmé lá qliwè.ˈ šišmé dărénwalu bar-xá qaḷì,ˈ bar-xá qaḷí ḥăsabì.ˈ gbéwa ba-ʾilà ʾo-toqú doqiwalé-o.ˈ lá xár ba-xá-mdi xèt.ˈ bšəlmanè lá koliwa.ˈ hár hulaé ta-nòšu kolíwalu.ˈ doqiwalu-òˈ măwišíwalu-ó báqa pătirè,ˈ báqa ḥălìq.ˈ ʾéa xá mdìx.ˈ ʾé ʾajilé nătènwaluˈ tá-ge qárwa pătirèˈ kəmríwa báqa ʾənšèˈ sā̀j matwéx.ˈ sā́j maxṣùṣ-yele,ˈ yóma maxṣùṣ.ˈ yatwìwaˈ tămām-e ʾé ʾajilé qălènwalu.ˈ ʾíla lá táqra bàu,ˈ ʾíla ḥamèṣ,ˈ ḥamèṣ lá xărí.ˈ ʾasúr-ile báqa didànˈ m-širinè ʾaxléx,ˈ ġér ʾáz ləxmà lá-hăwe-uˈ betà-uˈ ʾó ləxmá pătirè-uˈ məntắke ʾó qawurmà,ˈ ʾó pəsrá ya-məntắke lilà.ˈ lilăkè trə́ṣwalu.ˈ mən-d-óa ʾazā̀d-yele baqàn.ˈ ʾò kéwalan ʾaxléx.ˈ híč məndíx xét là kəxlexwa,ˈ lá mastà,ˈ lá guptà,ˈ lá xalwà.ˈ híč mən-ʾənyexàeˈ ʾasúr-yele báqan tmánya yomè.ˈ

bár tmanyá yomé lelèˈ réša šatá kyáwa qằme.ˈ ʾo-lelé moṣaé xàg.ˈ lelé réša šatá kyáwa qằme,ˈ xá səfrá šăwèxwaˈ mən-d-ày réše loʿáˈ ḥătá ʾò réše loʿá.ˈ ga-belàˈ nunyè tarṣíwa,ˈ nunyè.ˈ ʾarz-hòna-čˈ dušà šaqléxwa.ˈ kărà šaqléxwa.ˈ maṣṣè šaqléxwa.ˈ guptè šaqléxwa.ˈ duxwá tarṣìwa.ˈ qārčè šaqléxwa.ˈ ʾóa sáwzi jàdˈ kəmríwa gilaxà,ˈ gilaxá tarṣìwa.ˈ ʾasfanáj baṣòr hítwa ʾo-waxtắra.ˈ ʾasfanàj tarṣíwa.ˈ pəšpàra tarṣíwa.ˈ qámxa-u bèta tarṣíwa.ˈ haḷwà tarṣíwa.ˈ har-xormá qălénwa-u tarṣìwa.ˈ ʾéa matwíwa rešá səfrà-uˈ ʾáṣər-e ḥàg,ˈ yáni sáʾət ʾárba bàr korá,ˈ təlḥá bàr korá,ˈ xamšà bár korá,ˈ gezíwa báqa sahrà.ˈ gezéxwa báqa sahrá tá-ge ʾarbìt xăráwa.ˈ ga-dóka našé yatwìwaˈ ʾáraq šătoè-uˈ mašrúb šătoè-uˈ mə́ndi xalá-u ʾonyexàe-uˈ ʾo-waxtắra xăráwa bár ʾarbìtˈ šərúʾ kolíwa gəlà čăqénwa.ˈ čún-ge tazá mən-txél talgá plíṭwa waryàˈ čăqénwa-u kmenwa-ó belà.ˈ dărénwale ba-dáwr-e ʾé səfrà.ˈ ʾána géznawa be-Daryuš-xā̀n.ˈ gèznawaˈ ʾéla brixulà hámna baqéf.ˈ jamăké ga-dóka nătènwaleˈ yá xa-mănorá b-d-ó jorà.ˈ har-mən-d-òaˈ nătènawaˈ doqnáwa ba-ʾilì-uˈ kəmnàwaˈ ʾéla-u reš-šatóx hăwén brixè.ˈ năšəqnàwale-uˈ ʾó-č didì năšəqwá-uˈ rába xoš-ḥā̀l xărə́xwa-uˈ yatwə́xwa-uˈ băraxá máre belăkè,ˈ xá-qəṭa mən-ləxmá-e ḥamèṣ dóqwa,ˈ zatyé ya-tarṣíwalu ga-béla bàr-d-o.ˈ mən-d-òaˈ dóqwa ba-ʾilèf-unuˈ dắewala ga-dušà-uˈ ga-kărá mătúwa gàaf-uˈ kwə́lwala ba-ʾilèfˈ kmə́r băraxà már.ˈ ʾo-č băraxá ha-moṣí kmə̀rwa-uˈ kxəlwalà.ˈ ʾéa pătirè.ˈ

yóma reš-šáta bəqătà-čˈ tămā́m-e hulaé kŭ́le gezíwa báqa sahrà,ˈ gezíwa sàyər.ˈ xá-năfar ga-béla lá yătùwa.ˈ kŭ́le gezíwa báqa sàyər-uˈ mən-d-áy xála yá-lele trəṣwalù,ˈ mən-d-éa lablíwa mənù.ˈ ʾo-waxtằraˈ xá-əda xètˈ pəsrá ʿăla-ḥădá ntèwaluˈ naṭrìwale,ˈ kolíwale kăbā̀b.ˈ ʾàṣərˈ guré kènwaˈ dóka yatwíwa ba-ʾaràq-uˈ ba-xamrà,ˈ ba-ʾaráq yatwìwa,ˈ ʾéa tarṣìwa báqu.ˈ kăbā̀b kolíwa-uˈ ʾàraq šăténwa ga-doká-uˈ kenwa-ò.ˈ naqoḷè-yela-uˈ nandoè-yela-uˈ sā̀z-yela.ˈ zàrb-yela.ˈ ʾonyexáe kenwáwa tá … kenwáwa belàˈ ʾazadí ḥăsabì hítwaluˈ wa-bšəlmané mozaḥămù lá xăríwa ʾenṣafán.ˈ bšəlmané ʾaḥràˈ muzaḥămù lá xăriwá.ˈ kəmríwa jažnyanà,ˈ kəmríwa báqa d-éa jážn-e făṭìr.ˈ jážn-e făṭír yáni mà?ˈ yáni ləxmá făṭìr,ˈ ləxmé ké là xəmyá-y.ˈ

pătiré ʾwìra.ˈ kyáwa ʾăṣàrta.ˈ léle ʾăṣartàˈ ʾó belá yá lăḥà m-ṣalma-ḥaliyéˈ xá miléf milwà,ˈ yăšiwà mătúwa ga-beléf.ˈ tʷká d-éa ga-kništà matwìlaˈ ga-bèla matwíwala.ˈ ʾašxā̀ṣˈ daʿwàt kólwa.ˈ gezíwa dòkaˈ yatwíwa ta-yomàˈ torà-uˈ məšnayotè-uˈ xèta,ˈ kŭ́le ʾənyexàe,ˈ zohàr-uˈ ʾənyé kŭ́le qărénwalu ta-qárwa-e yomà.ˈ qarwá-e yomàˈ šofàr măxénwa baqán.ˈ šofár măxènwa.ˈ ʾèaˈ ʿălamắt-e xoš-ḥàli-yele.ˈ bàr-d-oˈ xá-səfra kmènwaˈ šăwènwa.ˈ ʾanwáʿe mewajắte bikùr,ˈ yáni mewajắte tazàˈ măsălán mangól šèsekˈ dáx ʾắta ga-lăxá táza məṭyá-y kmèn.ˈ méwa kménwa matwìwa.ˈ băraxá kəmrìwaˈ ʾaškabà maždríwa.ˈ kŭ́le belà-čˈ yá kénwa dòkaˈ mən-nóšu qawà-uˈ ya-čày,ˈ yá dārčìnˈ kménwa mə̀nuˈ məntắke qànd.ˈ kwíwale bá-ʾila máre belăkè.ˈ ʾó máre belá-č ba-nobàˈ tărə̀ṣle,ˈ ʾéa be-Daryuš-xā̀n-yeˈ ʾóa be-Manawar-xanə̀m-ye,ˈ ʾóa be-Negàr-ye,ˈ ʾéa be-Əqbā̀l-ye,ˈ ʾéa be-didòx-ye.ˈ ʾéa kmènwale,ˈ kəmríwa baqù.ˈ ʾó waxtằraˈ maʿalmăké ga-dokàˈ ʾaškabá maždə̀rwa-wˈ kŭ́le băraxá kəmrìwa-uˈ šătènwale.ˈ ʾéa ʾèa.ˈ yóma xarwà-uˈ kŭ́le gezíwa báqa kništà.ˈ gezíwa báqa kništà-uˈ bàr-d-oˈ ʾənšé ga-béla má kolìwa?ˈ kălanè tarṣíwa-uˈ šəlkenè,ˈ pərsaxè.ˈ ʾéa ga-belá tarṣìwalu.ˈ kălané mà-yelu?ˈ qamxá kmènwa,ˈ kolíwale ba-lešàˈ mangól ləxmà.ˈ ʾo-waxtằraˈ ʾéa pəṣlè dărénwa gáef.ˈ pəṣlé yăruqé dărénwa gàef,ˈ mandénwalu réša sā̀j.ˈ ʾo-waxtằraˈ mandénwalu pliyáw kărà,ˈ kăré pšiḷà.ˈ ʾéa kmènwale-uˈ šăkár dărénwa rešèf-uˈ kəxlìwale.ˈ ʾéa kălanè-yelu.ˈ šəlkené mà-yelu?ˈ beé kmènwa.ˈ qamxá dărénwa ga-beăkè.ˈ ba-xalwà tarṣíwalun-u.ˈ solusyòn tarṣíwa.ˈ ʾé solusyón kménwale réša sā̀j.ˈ dărénwa réša sā̀j-uˈ ʾéa kolíwale xá ṭaʿìm.ˈ xá xorak-e rába ʿayzà.ˈ ʾó-č dărénwale ga-pliyáw məšxà,ˈ šắkar dărénwa rešèf-uˈ kəxlìwale.ˈ ʾéa xorakù-yeleˈ rába ʿayzá ʾo-yomà.ˈ yomá dowòmˈ tămām-e hulaé kŭ́le gezíwa báqa sàyər,ˈ hár mangól yóme reš-šatà.ˈ kŭ́le gezíwa báqa sàyər.ˈ gezíwa ʾAmanyà-uˈ báqa ʾAməlyà-uˈ báqa Saqawà-uˈ báqa Zafariyà-uˈ Mowarakawà-uˈ Xasràwa-u.ˈ ʾənyexáe kŭ́le gezìwa.ˈ gezìwa,ˈ b-ʾàṣərˈ bə́xle kenwa-ò,ˈ hár ba-d-ó jorá yá ʾarzòx wilí.ˈ yóma dowòm,ˈ ʾáṣər kenwa-òˈ ʾáraq šătoè-uˈ kéf walàˈ tá geziwa-ó belà.ˈ ʾèa-č ʾăṣartá.ˈ

ʾătá hiyéxin réša … tə́šʾa ba-ʾĀ̀b.ˈ tə́šʿa ba-ʾĀ̀bˈ hulaé ràba yaqurtá doqíwala.ˈ nawád dar-ṣáde hulaé ṣomà-yelu,ˈ ṣomé ṣəhyòn.ˈ təšʿa ba-ʾĀ̀b,ˈ kŭ́le hulaé doqìwale.ˈ bíš baṣór náše hítwa ṣomá la-doqìwa.ˈ mắgar rába naxòš xírăweˈ yá rába na-raḥàt xírăweˈ ʾelá huláe kŭ́le doqìwa.ˈ bawàř-hul,ˈ yála trèsar šəné,ˈ xámsar šəné dòqwale.ˈ mən-ʾàṣref-oˈ sáʿat xamšà bar-koráˈ xalà kəxlíwa,ˈ xét là kəxlíwaˈ har-tá qáwme lelè.ˈ lélef-o gezíwa báqa kništàˈ ga-dóka šratà lá malqíwa.ˈ tanhá xa-šratá matwíwa báqa xa-šàmʿ.ˈ matwíwa kèˈ ḥaxămăkèˈ héle qărèˈ qam-ʾenèf hawyá.ˈ wắle híč-kas šratá lìtwale.ˈ kenwà-o-č béla,ˈ mən-kništá-č kenwà-oˈ šratá lìtwalu.ˈ be-šratà-yelu.ˈ ba-yād-e d-eà-y kéˈ bet-ha-məqdáš werā̀n xirté-yaˈ ʾaxní là-xar šratá hăwélan.ˈ ḥắta xášti ʾašxā́ṣ-e qitsonì-hitwalanˈ syamé là lošíwa kénwa kništá.ˈ syamé là loší kénwa kništá,ˈ be-syamé gezíwa-o belà.ˈ ʾaqlá qlăpì gezíwa-o belá.ˈ yomá ṣəhyón-e bə̀qăta-čˈ šalóm là dărénwa lə́xle.ˈ be-šalòm.ˈ ḥáli xărèt?ˈ šalòm lá dărénwa.ˈ ʾā́t gezə́twa tʷkanà,ˈ ʾăxonóx dóka yelè,ˈ là kəmrə́twa báqef šalóm ʿălexém.ˈ ʾo kằewa ke-ta-má lá kəmréte,ˈ čún ʾə́zyo šalòm la-xár hamrét.ˈ ṣəhyòn-yela.ˈ ʾàṣərˈ hár xăráwa qárwa mənḥà,ˈ xet-ʾo-waxtằraˈ mutā̀r-yele baqéfˈ šăḥiṭà kolíwa.ˈ tmanyà yoméˈ ʾé-əč tmánya yomé mən-yomàˈ ṣəhyòn,ˈ mən-yomá reš-yarxé ʾĀ̀bˈ ḥătá yóma ṣəhyònˈ pəsrà lá kəxlíwa huláe.ˈ híč pəsrá ḥáq lítwalu dabḥi-ò.ˈ šăḥità lá xăráwa ga-pliyáw huláe.ˈ mən-yóma ṣəhyònˈ ke-xăràwaˈ bár kóra ṣəhyón šăḥiṭà kolíwa.ˈ ʾò-waxtăraˈ xàšti baté kéˈ morăfàh-yelu,ˈ máre doltà-yeluˈ ʾərbá dabḥiwà-oˈ qorbā̀n kolíwa.ˈ báqa d-eà-y ke-hamríˈ ya-rắbi škùr.ˈ šăbát naḥamù-ya ʾătá.ˈ xíra naḥamú bár korà,ˈ wáxt-e šăbát naḥamùˈ kŭ́le doqìwala-uˈ mangól xá ʾelá ḥăsabìˈ gezíwa báqa sáyər-u gardèš.ˈ ʾéa šăbát naḥamù.ˈ

ʾătá hiyéxin baqàˈ ḥănukaè.ˈ ḥănukàe,ˈ tmanyà yoméˈ ḥănukàe doqíwala.ˈ šratá har-dáx b-ay-jóra ga-lăxá malqì,ˈ kŭ́le béla ga-doká šratá malqìwa.ˈ halbătá šámʿ là-yela ga-doká.ˈ kŭ́le širà-yele.ˈ ʾòaˈ kmèxwale-o.ˈ ʾənšé pìrˈ plulyè tarṣíwaˈ ba-kətanà.ˈ ʾənšé pìrˈ ba-maṣwáe nòšuˈ kwìwa.ˈ báqa hár-kas gezə́lwa kəmrìwaˈ xán hól baqán báqa šráe ḥănukàeˈ kwə́lwa baqù.ˈ ʾóa matwə́xwale pliyáw ʾo-săfā̀lˈ ʾo-waxtắra šráe ba-d-áy jorá malqèxwa.ˈ kŭ́lăni-č ʾo-lelèˈ məzmór šel-Ḥănukà qăréxwala,ˈ ha-nisím-u nəflawotáf qărèxwalunu,ˈ ba-xoš-ḥalí-u ba-šadìˈ mangól lăxà,ˈ ʾaval rába bíš ʿayzà.ˈ ʾea-č ʾèa.ˈ tmanyà lelé hítwalan.ˈ lelé ʾăwàḷˈ xà-dana malqéxwa,ˈ lelé duwòmˈ trè-dane,ˈ təlḥà-dane,ˈ ta-léle xéta tmanyà-dane malqə́xwa.ˈ ʾea-č ba-d-èele.ˈ

ʾătá kéxwa réša bár Ḥănukaè.ˈ xăràwaˈ məzdáne ʾilanè.ˈ məzdáne ʾilané Ṭú la-Šwàṭ.ˈ Ṭú la-Šwàṭˈ xamsár-e Šăwàṭ.ˈ mà koléxwa?ˈ kŭ́le belàˈ ʾanwā́ʿ-u ʾaqsằmeˈ mewà ga-belá,ˈ ʾó-waxtăra sə̀twa-yele-u,ˈ yaxčā́l lìtwa,ˈ mà kolíwa?ˈ tălènwaleˈ ga-belà.ˈ ʾaspaglè tălénwa,ˈ kămerè tălénwa,ˈ ʾarmonyè tălénwa,ˈ băṣirè tălénwa,ˈ xămušè tălénwa.ˈ báqa lə̀ma gbétulu?ˈ báqa lelé məzdané ʾilanè.ˈ xášti šwətyè năténwaˈ báqa lelé məzdané ʾilanè.ˈ ʾo-waxtắra lelé məzdané ʾilanè,ˈ ga-réša kursìˈ xa-səfrá šăwènwa,ˈ ʾonyexáe kŭ́le matwíwalu réša ʾay-kursì.ˈ ʾo-waxtằraˈ ʾána šárnawa báqa béla Daryuš-xā̀nˈ tabrík kəmnáwa baqèf.ˈ mən-d-ənyexáe kŭ́le hár-xa xa-dána mătunáwa ga-xá dawrì-uˈ kəwnáwale ba-ʾíla bronì,ˈ ya-kəwnáwale ba-ʾíla nokarì,ˈ kəwnáwalu lablíwalu məntắke d-éa báqa be-Daryuš-xā̀nˈ ʾelóx hawyá brixtà.ˈ ʾó-č rába ḥàs kólwa-uˈ qémwa ʾó-č xa-məqdā̀rˈ m-éa nătèwaleˈ dubára ʾò-č šárwa báqa didí d-èa.ˈ ʾó-č šàrwa,ˈ o-waxtằraˈ màʿləme má kolíwa,ˈ maʿləmé kništà?ˈ təlḥà kništé hítwalan.ˈ təlḥà kništé hitwalán,ˈ xá kništá rabtà-yela,ˈ ʾu-xá kništá zortà-uˈ xá kništá ḥadàš.ˈ maʿlə́m-e kništá rabtàˈ báqa sakənìn-e kništá nošèf,ˈ ʾăhalí-e kništá nošèfˈ mănorà maždə́rwa,ˈ hár mangól d-òa.ˈ mănorá maždə̀rwaˈ báqa d-èaˈ ʾelóx hawyá brixtà.ˈ máre belăkè-čˈ ba-tăfawòtˈ pùḷ kwə́lwaˈ xán xamšà qărané,ˈ trè qărané,ˈ hár-či ʾiléf doqàwaˈ kwə́lwa mătúwa ga-dawriăkè-uˈ kwə́lwale ba-ʾilá šagərdèfˈ ʾu-lăbə́lwale báqa măḷăkè,ˈ báqa maʿləmăkè.ˈ ʾéa-č ʾèa.ˈ məzdané ʾilanèˈ b-ày jorá wilán.ˈ ʾătá kéxin baqá Lelangè.ˈ Purìm.ˈ Lelangé ma-jòr-yela?ˈ xá-šo qắme Purìmˈ šatá Mošé Răbénu ʿaláw ha-šalòm-yela.ˈ kŭ́le gezíwa báqa kništà.ˈ ga-kništá ʾo-lelèˈ ḥaxám-e kništà,ˈ ḥaxám-e kništà ga-dokáˈ darùš kólwaˈ Mošé Răbénu ʿaláw ha-šalóm dàx m-ʿolā́m zíl,ˈ mà wíle,ˈ zăḥamtá mà grə́šle báqa huláe.ˈ ba-d-áy joràˈ šárḥ kwə́lwa báqa didàn,ˈ ʾu-b-ày jorá-čˈ mən-ʿolā̀m zíl.ˈ ga-dóka kŭ́le na-raḥàt xăríwa-uˈ kenwá-o belà.ˈ

kyáwa réša lelé Lelangè.ˈ yóm Lelangé kŭ́le ṣomà-yelu.ˈ hulàeˈ rŭwé ta-zorèˈ kŭ́le ṣomá doqìwa.ˈ ʾàṣərˈ ṣomá là faṭríwa.ˈ gezíwa báqa kništà,ˈ măgilà qărénwa ba-kništá,ˈ măgilá-e ʾEstèr.ˈ xàˈ məndí xét hìtwalanˈ ke-ga-tʷke-xét lìtˈ ba-šəmá tănu-širà.ˈ tănu-širàˈ maʿləmé dokàˈ xá-mdi trə́ṣwalu maxṣúṣ-e nòšu-yelaˈ ke-ba-ʾaramít kləwtè-ya.ˈ ʾătá maxwénaf ʾə́lox ʾā̀t.ˈ ʾèaˈ maxṣúṣ-e Kurdəstā̀n-yela.ˈ ga-Sanandàj-yela,ˈ ga-hìč-tʷka xét ʾéa lìtwa.ˈ ḥătá ga-Hămadā̀nˈ ke-markắz-e Šúšan ha-birà-yela,ˈ Mordăxáy-u ʾEstér ga-dóka yelù,ˈ ʾána dóka xirèna,ˈ ge-ga-dóka ʾéa là kắenwa qărénwalaˈ ʾéa lìtwalu qărénwala.ˈ ʾéa maxṣúṣ-e nòšan-yela.ˈ ʾarz-hònaˈ ʾéa qărènwala.ˈ ʾéa qəryàlu,ˈ qemíwa kenwá-o belà.ˈ qemíwa kenwá-o belà,ˈ ga-doká ṣomà faṭríwa.ˈ ʾèaˈ Lelangè-yela.ˈ bəqắta gezíwa bazā̀rˈ kŭ́le kəmrìwaˈ taʿnitóx hăwé qăbùl.ˈ taʿnít dwə̀qlox.ˈ taʿnitóx hăwé qăbùl.ˈ ʾelóx hawyá brixtàˈ ʾəlhá mantè.ˈ kŭ́le šata ba-ləbá băsimà-uˈ qáləb sā̀q doqéte.ˈ bar Lelangèˈ pătirè-yelaˈ ké ʾarzóx wìli,ˈ qắme-o mìri baqóx.ˈ

Translation:

The Jews of the town of Sanandaj, like the Jews of other places, observed all the festivals. First Passover. Secondly Shavuot—Lag Ba-ʿOmer, then Shavuot, second Passover, then Shavuot. After Shavuot we came to the seventeenth of Tamuz. After that the Ninth of Av. Sabbath _Naḥamu._ Then New Year. The Day of Atonement. After these came Ḥanukka. After Ḥanukka Tu bə-Shvat. Then Purim.

What did they do at Passover. In our community they observed Passover very strictly. A month after Tu bə-Shvat, they considered what preparations should be made for Passover. They would find the best wheat. They would bring it home. The women would sit and sort it grain by grain, lest there be something extraneous in it, whether it be something that is not good or whether it be leaven. Then they would make another inspection (to ensure) that it was clean again. Afterwards, close to the time Passover took place, they hired a water-mill. A water-mill (that is) a mill. The hired it and a beadle would go there. He had to go and clean it, lest there was flour there. The bread must not become leavened. Then, when he had cleaned them, he would come back and say the mill of Qasim, or the mill of Daraqurdale or the mill of Ḥaplul are ready for the Jews (to use). Then they would go there. Every family put its own wheat on a the back of donkey and took it there. They made flour as it should be made and brought it home. They did not allow a Muslim to touch it, only they themselves (were allowed). A Muslim was not allowed to touch it. This is what concerns the flour. Now, what else did they do? After that they had to make bread, make matzos. How did they make matzos? They brought somebody. After they had done this work, a person came to the house and weighed (out the flour) for them, that is (he weighed out) what they call an ʿomer. Each ʿomer was a kilo and a half. They poured out a kilo and a half of the flour into a large bowl. They put it onto scales, scales. They weighed it. The family of dear Daryuš, for example, needs fifteen ʿomers. My family needs twelve. His family needs twenty, his family thirty, according to the different (numbers) of people, how many people they had to eat the food. In this way they weighed it out. They put it aside. After that they came to the oven. They had to heat the oven beforehand so that the oven did not contain leaven. There were a few families who had a separate oven especially for Passover. We, for example, had a separate oven for Passover. People did not touch it until Passover. Then a person would come and knead the ʿomer. He kneaded the flour and made it into dough. He made it into dough in a copper bowl, which he had covered in white beforehand. They had become white, they had coated them with white. I say especially ‘They had coated them with white’. This could not be unwhitened. They had to coat it with white lest leaven had been eaten in the food. They brought it and he kneaded it. He handed it over to the baker, the woman who opened out the bread (dough), the woman who opened out the bread (dough)—he delivered it (the dough) to her piece by piece. She opened it out with a rolling-pin. She opened the bread out with a rolling-pin—the one who puts the bread in the oven. It was a Muslim who put the bread in the oven. A Jew did not know (how to do it). But in some places there was sometimes only a Jew (who did it, such as) ʾAwle from Săqəz, may God give him rest. ʾAwle from Săqəz, may God give him rest, would himself both knead it and also put it into the oven. He was from Săqəz. He did not allow a Muslim to put it in the oven. He put the bread into the oven himself. That is bread. Then she (the baker) came to (make) matzos. They made three (types of) matzos. One matzo with one lump. One matzo with two lumps. One mazto with three lumps. On the night of Passover we say a blessing, then two and three. I shall tell you later. The mistress of the house or the woman who made the bread would make these matzos. They would put them in the oven themselves. They did not give them to the Muslim woman. They themselves put them in the oven. They were special. No hand could touch them until they said the blessing on the night of Passover. They would say to us ‘Be careful, do not eat this bread. If you eat this bread, your stomach will split’. We were children. They used to threaten us. You must not eat this bread until they say its blessing on Passover night. This (was done) in this way. This concerns our bread. Then they brought _qawurma_, which they made in the autumn, _qawurma_ specially for Passover. They took the _qawurma_ and put it in earthenware pots, earthenware pots—they would call this a clay pot, clay pots. They put it in this and put liquid fat of a sheep’s tail on top of it (to preserve it). They put it in a very cold place, so that they could eat it for Passover. In addition to this Passover bread, which we used to make, we (made other bread in which) instead of its water we put eggs. In every ʿomer we would put in fifteen, ten, or twelve eggs. They put this in and made bread with it. This would be digested more quickly. They did not make it in every family, (only in) a few families. This is the subject of meat. Now, from the beginning of autumn the men would go to the market and would buy seed snacks, I say to you, they would buy walnuts, they would buy almonds, they would buy peaches, they would buy mixed nuts. They had to make them for Passover. They bought sesame, which they had to clean in the house, (since it was) uncleaned sesame. They poured the sesame over a carpet, a suitable carpet. Then they had take away their husks by hand. It was not possible to do it with something else. The Muslims did not do this. Only the Jews did it for themselves. They took them (the husks) away and dried them (the sesame) for Passover, to (make) _ḥăliq_ paste. This is one thing. They would put the mixed nuts aside until close to Passover they would say to the women ‘Let’s put out the griddle’. The griddle was a special one, (for) a special day. They sat and fried all those mixed nuts. Nobody touched them, with a hand polluted with leaven, so that they did not become polluted with leaven. We are forbidden to eat sweets, with the exception of what did not have bread (in it), an egg, the Passover bread, together with the _qawurma_ and the meat with the fat of the sheep’s tail. They made the fat of the sheep’s tail. It was permitted for us to eat any of this. We could eat this. We did not eat anything else, not yoghurt, not cheese, not milk. None of these (did we eat), they were forbidden to us for eight days.

After eight days New Year’s Eve came upon (us). That night was the end of the festival. New Year’s Eve came and we spread out a cloth from this end of the room to that end of the room. At home they cooked fish. Moreover, they bought honey. The bought butter. They bought unleavened bread. They bought cheese. They made _duxwa_. We bought mushrooms. The mixed herbs called _gilaxa_, we would cook _gilaxa_. At that time spinach was scarce—we cooked spinach. We made omelettes. We made flour and egg dishes. We made _haḷwa._ They also fried dates and prepared them. They placed them on the cloth. In the evening of the festival, that is at four o’clock in the afternoon, three in the afternoon, five in the afternoon, they would go to the fields. We would go into the fields until it was time for evening prayers. People sat there and drank arak, drank (other) drinks, (ate) some food and the like. Then, after evening prayers they began to pick herbs. When they had just sprouted out of the snow, they would pick them and bring them home. They put them around the cloth. I would go to Mr. Daryuš. I would go to wish him a happy festival. They would raise mirrors there, or a candle stick in the same way. I would lift up such (a mirror), hold it in my hand and say ‘May your festival and New Year be blessed’. I would kiss him and he would kiss me. We became very jolly. We sat down. (Then came) the blessing of the head of the household—he would hold a piece of leavened bread, pitta breads, which they made in the house afterwards. He held this in his hand, he put it in honey, he would put butter on it. He would put it in his hand and say ‘Say a blessing’. He then would say the (blessing) ‘The One Who brings out (bread from the earth)’ and eat it. This is Passover.

On New Year’s Day, in the morning, all the Jews went to the fields, they would go on a picnic. Nobody stayed in the house. Everybody went on a picnic. They took food that they had made (the previous) evening. Others who had put meat aside and preserved it made it into kebabs. In the evening the men would come and sit there with arak, with wine. They would sit with arak, which they made for themselves. They would make kebabs and they would drink arak there, then they would come back. There was dancing, there was jigging. There were musical instruments. There was a drum. Then they came home. It was a proper holiday and, indeed, the Muslims did not disturb them. The Muslims of the town did not disturb them. They said (in Kurdish) _jažnyana_’. They called it _jažn-e faṭir._ What does _jažn-e faṭir_ mean? It means unleavened bread, bread that has not risen.

Passover passed by and Pentecost came. On the eve of Pentecost, any household in which—may it be far from the face of those present—somebody had died would hold a gathering. Instead of holding it in a synagogue they held it at home. He would invite people. They would go there and they would sit until dawn reading Torah, Mishnah, and all such things, Zohar, all of these until near dawn. Near dawn they would blow the shofar for us. They would blow the shofar. This was a sign of happiness. Then they would bring a cloth and lay it out. They bring types of first fruits, that is fresh fruits, like loquat, which has just become ripe here. They would bring fruit and lay it down. They said a blessing and perform a memorial of burial. Every family that came there would bring with them coffee, tea or cinnamon, together with sugar. They would deliver it to the master of the house. The master of the house would make (presentations) in turn. ‘This is (a gift of the) family of Daryuš-xān. This is (a gift of) the family of Manawar-xanəm. This is (a gift of) the family of Negar. This is (a gift of) the family of Iqbāl. This is (a gift of) your family. They would bring this and they would be announced. Then, the rabbi there would perform the burial memorial. Everybody would say the blessing and they would drink to him. That is that. The dawn came and they would all go to the synagogue. They went to the synagogue and then what did the women in the house do? They would make _kălane_ (onion pastries), _šəlkene_ (cakes) and _pərsaxe_ (sesame pastries). They made them in the house. What are _kălane_? They would bring flour and make it into dough, like bread. Then they would put onions in it. They would put green onions in it and put them on a griddle. Then they put them in butter, melted butter. They brought it and put sugar on it and ate it. This is _kălane_. What are _šəlkane_? They would bring eggs. They put flour in the eggs. They mixed them with milk. They made a solution. They brought the solution and put it on a griddle. They put it on a griddle and made it into something tasty. It was a very delicious food. They put it in oil. They put sugar on it and ate it. This was their food, (and) very delicious (it was), on that day. On the second day all the Jews went on a picnic, just like at New Year. They all went on a picnic. They went to Amanya, to Aməlya, to Saqawa, to Zafariya, to Mowarakawa, to Xasrawa. They went to all of these. They went and returned together in the evening, in the same way as I said to you (before). On the second day, in the evening they would come back, drink arak, have fun, until they went home. This is Pentecost.

Now we have come to the Ninth of Ab. The Jews would observe the Ninth of Ab very strictly. Ninety percent of the Jews fasted, the fast of Zion. All the Jews observed the Ninth of Av. There were only very few people did not fast. Even if somebody was very ill or was very unwell, nevertheless all the Jews observed (the fast). Believe me, a boy twelve years old (and one) fifteen years old would observe it. That evening at five o’clock in the afternoon they would eat food, but did not eat again until the night of the next day. On that night they went to the synagogue and there did light a lamp. They only placed one light in the form of candle. They placed it so that the rabbi could read and it could be before his eyes, otherwise nobody had a light. Also (when) they came home, they came home from the synagogue, they did not have a light. They were without a light. It was in memory of the fact that the Sanctuary had been destroyed, that we were not permitted to have a light. We even had a few extremists who did not wear shoes when they came to the synagogue. They did not wear shoes when they came to the synagogue. They went home without shoes. They went home barefoot. Also on the day of Zion in the morning they did not greet one another. (They met) without greeting. Do you understand? They did not offer a greeting. If you went to a shop and your brother was there, you would not say to him ‘Greetings to you.’ He knew why you did not say it to him, since on that day you could not say a greeting. It was (the day of) Zion. In the evening, just as it was getting near evening prayer, it was then again permitted to perform slaughtering. For eight days, for the eight days from the day of Zion, the day of beginning of Ab until the day of Zion the Jews did not eat meat. They were not permitted to slaughter any meat. Slaughtering was not permitted among the Jews. From the day of Zion, after noon of (the day) of Zion, they slaughtered. At that time a few families who were comfortable, who were rich, slaughtered a sheep and made a sacrifice. This was in order for them to say ‘Thank you Oh Lord’. It is now Shabbat _Naḥamu_. When it was the afternoon of Shabbat _Naḥamu_, when it was Shabbat _Naḥamu_, everybody observed it like a proper festival and went on a picnic and an outing. This is Shabbat _Naḥamu_.

Now we have come to Hanukkah. Hanukkah—they observed Hanukkah for eight days. Just as they light a lamp here, every family there used to light a lamp. Of course there was no wax there. Everything was vegetable oil. We brought that (from outside). Old women would make wicks out of flax. Old women would give them as their good deed. To everybody who went (to them) they would say ‘Give us a little for the Hanukkah lamps’ and he would give to them. We put it (the vegetable oil) in a pot. At that time we lit lamps in this way. All of us that night read the psalm of Hanukkah, we would read ‘the miracles and His wonderful acts’, with happiness and joy, like here, but much better. That is that. We had eight nights. On the first night we lit one (candle), on the second night two, three, until the night … we lit eight. That is that.

Now we came to (the period) after Hanukkah. (The festival of) the Gifts of Trees took place. The Gift of Trees was Tu Bə-Shvat, Tu bə-Shvat, the fifteenth of Shvat. What did we do? Every family (had) all types of fruit in the house—at that time it was winter, there was no refrigerator, what did they do? They hung it (the fruit) in the house. They hung quinces, they hung pears, they hung pomegranates, they hung grapes, they hung apples. For when do you need them? For the night of the Gift of Trees. Some preserved watermelons for the night of the Gift of Trees. Then on the night of the Gift of Trees they would spread a cloth on the seat and they would put all of them on the seat. Then I would send to the house of Daryuš-khan and convey to him good wishes. I would put one of each of these on a plate and give it to my son, or I would give it to my servant, I would give them and they would take them with this (plate) in order (to say) ‘May your festival be blessed’ to the family of Daryuš-khan. He was very moved and he also would take some of the same and then he also would send that to me. He used to send it—now, what did the rabbis do? We had three synagogues, one synagogue was large, one small and one new. The rabbi of the big synagogue would send a menora to the congregation of his synagogue, the people of his synagogue, like that one. He would send a menora in order (to say) ‘May your festival be blessed’. The householder would give money in varying amounts, a little, five qărans, two qărans—whatever he could lay his hand on he would give and place on the plate, give it to his servant and he would take it to the rabbi, to the rabbi. That is that. We held (the festival of) the Gift of Trees in this way. Now we come to _Lelange_, Purim. What was Lelange like? A week before Purim was the birthday of Moses our Lord, peace be upon him. Everybody went to the synagogue. In the synagogue that night, the rabbi of the synagogue, the rabbi of the synagogue there would give a homily concerning how Moses our Lord, peace be upon him, passed away from the world, what he did, what trouble he took for the Jews. In this way he gave us a sermon and (told us) how he (Moses) passed away from the world. Everybody there became sad and they went home.

The night of Purim came. On the day of Purim everybody fasted. The Jews, old and young, would all keep the fast. In the evening they did not break the fast. They would go to the synagogue and read the Scroll in the synagogue, the Scroll of Esther. We has something else, which was not found elsewhere, by the name of _Tănu-šira_ (‘Give a song’). _Tănu-šira_—the rabbis there created something that was special to them, which was written in Aramaic. I shall show it to you in a minute. It was a speciality of Kurdistan. It was in Sanandaj but was not found in any other place. Even in Hamadan, which was the centre of Shushan the capital—Mordechai and Esther were there, and I have been there (and found) that there they did not know how to read it (the Purim song). They could not recite it. It was special to us. I tell you, they used to read it. When they had read it, they got up and went home. They got up and went home and broke their fast there. This was Purim. In the morning they went to the market and everybody said ‘May your fast be accepted. You have fasted. May your fast be accepted. May your festival be blessed, God willing. May you keep it (the fast) every year with a good heart and a healthy body. After Purim was Passover, which I have told to you about before.