Qaraqosh (Baghdede): Christmas and other Festivals

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Transcribed by	Source	Speakers	Place
Geoffrey Khan	Khan, Geoffrey. The Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Qaraqosh. Leiden-Boston: Brill, 2002	-	London, UK

	Transcription	Translation
0:00	ʾə́tlan ġḏa-hə́nna b-Baġdèdə,ˈ qámə d-káṯə ʾíḏəd bi-yə̀lda,ˈ k-zàlhə,ˈ ʾu-xáṣtan ʿašírəd Bi-gə̀ḏya,ˈ k-zálhə baràyəˈ ʾəl-dàšta.ˈ ʾək-šáqli xmàrəˈ ʾu-k-šáqli šàxrə ʿala-mú-d rábṭi ʾàron,ˈ ʾu-qeṣílə b-màgləˈ ʾu-k-lemílə b-magzunyàṯaˈ ʾu-k-rabṭìləˈ k-oḏílə b-šàxrə-uˈ maṯélə l-Baġdèdə.ˈ móbli l-ìta,ˈ fa-g-darélə txíṯəd ékəd háwən … Màryam,ˈ ʿala-mu-d yàwəš.ˈ kan-ʾíṯən ṭàrmaˈ … daréwal tàma,ˈ ʾəd-yàwəšˈ háləd ʾáṯə ʾìḏa,ˈ daréwa gás ʾìlləḥˈ ʾu-k-nahrìlə.ˈ ʾu-k-áṯewa nášə b-ṣanùjəˈ ʾu-pálṭi qàšə,ˈ xáḏri xəḏərwán táhra ṭə́llaṯ nàqlə.ˈ ʾu-k-náhri l-áwa táhra … ʾáwa ʾáron mnahrìlə,ˈ ləʾánnahu ṯílə mšìxaˈ ʾu-bhíra dùnyə,ˈ ṯílə bə̀hra yáʿni.ˈ fa-ġdedáyə k-ṭaʿníwa mən d-áwa də-k-páyəš, ʾáwa qə́ṭma də-k-pàyəšwa.ˈ k-záwalan əl-nə̀nxə,ˈ nə̀nxəˈ k-záwalan g-lemáxwa nə́nxə mən-ékəd … d-ráʾol gamùšta.ˈ mə́n táma k-maṯáxwa nə̀nxə.ˈ ʾu-b-èma ʾíḏa k-áyiwa?ˈ b-íḏəd Màryam k-áyiwa.ˈ k-maṯéwa ġdedàyə yáʿni,ˈ k-lemílə l-yàmma,ˈ ʾu-g-darewá-lləḥ bə̀sma.ˈ ʾu-kə-mbaxrìwalə.ˈ ʾu-ʾáhu ʾíḏa náʿəm rìxa,ˈ yáʿni ríxa bsíma ḥélə ʾìḏaˈ k-páləṭ mə̀nnəḥ,ˈ k-mozʿíwa l-nàšə.ˈ b-nísba l-sòkəˈ sókəd k-maṯéhə da-ʾošàʿna,ˈ k-maṯéwalhə m-qadìša.ˈ qadíša ʾìbəˈ ʾilánat əz-zàʾṯa,ˈ k-maṯéwalhə m-qadìša-wˈ k-óḏiwalhə zòrə-u,ˈ k-ràbṭihə.ˈ ʾə́ṯwa man-də-k-awúḏwalhə šə́klə ṣlìwaˈ g-daréwalhən … b-ṣàdrəḥ.ˈ ʾu-ʾáḏa mə́ndi k-íwa rxíša b-Baġdèdə,ˈ k-xaḏriwa Baġdéd-u kə-mbàhewa b-gáwəḥˈ ləʾánnahu ʾilánə z-záʾṯa ʾáhila ʾilán d-yárqa … ʾilánəd daymùma.ˈ ʾə́tlan ġḏa-hə́nna b-Baġdèdə,ˈ qámə d-káṯə ʾíḏəd bi-yə̀lda,ˈ k-zàlhə,ˈ ʾu-xáṣtan ʿašírəd Bi-gə̀ḏya,ˈ k-zálhə baràyəˈ ʾəl-dàšta.ˈ ʾək-šáqli xmàrəˈ ʾu-k-šáqli šàxrə ʿala-mú-d rábṭi ʾàron,ˈ ʾu-qeṣílə b-màgləˈ ʾu-k-lemílə b-magzunyàṯaˈ ʾu-k-rabṭìləˈ k-oḏílə b-šàxrə-uˈ maṯélə l-Baġdèdə.ˈ móbli l-ìta,ˈ fa-g-darélə txíṯəd ékəd háwən … Màryam,ˈ ʿala-mu-d yàwəš.ˈ kan-ʾíṯən ṭàrmaˈ … daréwal tàma,ˈ ʾəd-yàwəšˈ háləd ʾáṯə ʾìḏa,ˈ daréwa gás ʾìlləḥˈ ʾu-k-nahrìlə.ˈ ʾu-k-áṯewa nášə b-ṣanùjəˈ ʾu-pálṭi qàšə,ˈ xáḏri xəḏərwán táhra ṭə́llaṯ nàqlə.ˈ ʾu-k-náhri l-áwa táhra … ʾáwa ʾáron mnahrìlə,ˈ ləʾánnahu ṯílə mšìxaˈ ʾu-bhíra dùnyə,ˈ ṯílə bə̀hra yáʿni.ˈ fa-ġdedáyə k-ṭaʿníwa mən d-áwa də-k-páyəš, ʾáwa qə́ṭma də-k-pàyəšwa.ˈ k-záwalan əl-nə̀nxə,ˈ nə̀nxəˈ k-záwalan g-lemáxwa nə́nxə mən-ékəd … d-ráʾol gamùšta.ˈ mə́n táma k-maṯáxwa nə̀nxə.ˈ ʾu-b-èma ʾíḏa k-áyiwa?ˈ b-íḏəd Màryam k-áyiwa.ˈ k-maṯéwa ġdedàyə yáʿni,ˈ k-lemílə l-yàmma,ˈ ʾu-g-darewá-lləḥ bə̀sma.ˈ ʾu-kə-mbaxrìwalə.ˈ ʾu-ʾáhu ʾíḏa náʿəm rìxa,ˈ yáʿni ríxa bsíma ḥélə ʾìḏaˈ k-páləṭ mə̀nnəḥ,ˈ k-mozʿíwa l-nàšə.ˈ b-nísba l-sòkəˈ sókəd k-maṯéhə da-ʾošàʿna,ˈ k-maṯéwalhə m-qadìša.ˈ qadíša ʾìbəˈ ʾilánat əz-zàʾṯa,ˈ k-maṯéwalhə m-qadìša-wˈ k-óḏiwalhə zòrə-u,ˈ k-ràbṭihə.ˈ ʾə́ṯwa man-də-k-awúḏwalhə šə́klə ṣlìwaˈ g-daréwalhən … b-ṣàdrəḥ.ˈ ʾu-ʾáḏa mə́ndi k-íwa rxíša b-Baġdèdə,ˈ k-xaḏriwa Baġdéd-u kə-mbàhewa b-gáwəḥˈ ləʾánnahu ʾilánə z-záʾṯa ʾáhila ʾilán d-yárqa … ʾilánəd daymùma.ˈ	We have a custom in Baǧdedə. Before Christmas comes, they go—especially the family of Bi-Gəḏya—they go out into the countryside. They take asses and take carrying frames, in order to gather together _aron_. They cut it with scythes and gather it with sickles. They tie it up and take it to Baǧdedə. They bring it to the church and put it under the ?? of Mary, in order for it to dry. If there is a porch, they put it there to dry, until, when the festival comes, they would put petrol on it and kindle it. People would come with cymbals. The priests come out. They go around the _tahra_ (wonder) three times. They kindle the _tahra_, they kindle the _aron_, because the Messiah came and the world was became bright, that is brightness came. The inhabitants of Baǧdedə would pick up from what was left, the ash that was left. We would go to the _nənxə_, we would go and gather _nənxə_ from the valley of the bison. From there we would bring _nənxə_. In what festival was this? It was in the festival of Mary. They inhabitants of Baǧdedə gathered it into a basin, put incense on it and made it burn fragrantly. It is a festival with a pleasant fragrance, that is there is a very pleasant fragrance during the festival, which is given off from it (i.e. the plant). They distribute it (i.e. the fragrant plant) to the people. As for the sprigs, the sprigs that they bring for Palm Sunday, they used to bring them from the abbey. In the abbey there are olive trees. They brought them from the abbey, they made them small and tied them together. There were some who made them into the shape of a cross and put them on their chest. This thing was widespread in Baǧdedə. They would go around Baǧdedə and were proud of it, since it was an olive tree, which is a tree that is green, an evergreen tree.

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Transcription:

ʾə́tlan ġḏa-hə́nna b-Baġdèdə,ˈ qámə d-káṯə ʾíḏəd bi-yə̀lda,ˈ k-zàlhə,ˈ ʾu-xáṣtan ʿašírəd Bi-gə̀ḏya,ˈ k-zálhə baràyəˈ ʾəl-dàšta.ˈ ʾək-šáqli xmàrəˈ ʾu-k-šáqli šàxrə ʿala-mú-d rábṭi ʾàron,ˈ ʾu-qeṣílə b-màgləˈ ʾu-k-lemílə b-magzunyàṯaˈ ʾu-k-rabṭìləˈ k-oḏílə b-šàxrə-uˈ maṯélə l-Baġdèdə.ˈ móbli l-ìta,ˈ fa-g-darélə txíṯəd ékəd háwən … Màryam,ˈ ʿala-mu-d yàwəš.ˈ kan-ʾíṯən ṭàrmaˈ … daréwal tàma,ˈ ʾəd-yàwəšˈ háləd ʾáṯə ʾìḏa,ˈ daréwa gás ʾìlləḥˈ ʾu-k-nahrìlə.ˈ ʾu-k-áṯewa nášə b-ṣanùjəˈ ʾu-pálṭi qàšə,ˈ xáḏri xəḏərwán táhra ṭə́llaṯ nàqlə.ˈ ʾu-k-náhri l-áwa táhra … ʾáwa ʾáron mnahrìlə,ˈ ləʾánnahu ṯílə mšìxaˈ ʾu-bhíra dùnyə,ˈ ṯílə bə̀hra yáʿni.ˈ fa-ġdedáyə k-ṭaʿníwa mən d-áwa də-k-páyəš, ʾáwa qə́ṭma də-k-pàyəšwa.ˈ

k-záwalan əl-nə̀nxə,ˈ nə̀nxəˈ k-záwalan g-lemáxwa nə́nxə mən-ékəd … d-ráʾol gamùšta.ˈ mə́n táma k-maṯáxwa nə̀nxə.ˈ ʾu-b-èma ʾíḏa k-áyiwa?ˈ b-íḏəd Màryam k-áyiwa.ˈ k-maṯéwa ġdedàyə yáʿni,ˈ k-lemílə l-yàmma,ˈ ʾu-g-darewá-lləḥ bə̀sma.ˈ ʾu-kə-mbaxrìwalə.ˈ ʾu-ʾáhu ʾíḏa náʿəm rìxa,ˈ yáʿni ríxa bsíma ḥélə ʾìḏaˈ k-páləṭ mə̀nnəḥ,ˈ k-mozʿíwa l-nàšə.ˈ

b-nísba l-sòkəˈ sókəd k-maṯéhə da-ʾošàʿna,ˈ k-maṯéwalhə m-qadìša.ˈ qadíša ʾìbəˈ ʾilánat əz-zàʾṯa,ˈ k-maṯéwalhə m-qadìša-wˈ k-óḏiwalhə zòrə-u,ˈ k-ràbṭihə.ˈ ʾə́ṯwa man-də-k-awúḏwalhə šə́klə ṣlìwaˈ g-daréwalhən … b-ṣàdrəḥ.ˈ ʾu-ʾáḏa mə́ndi k-íwa rxíša b-Baġdèdə,ˈ k-xaḏriwa Baġdéd-u kə-mbàhewa b-gáwəḥˈ ləʾánnahu ʾilánə z-záʾṯa ʾáhila ʾilán d-yárqa … ʾilánəd daymùma.ˈ

Translation:

We have a custom in Baǧdedə. Before Christmas comes, they go—especially the family of Bi-Gəḏya—they go out into the countryside. They take asses and take carrying frames, in order to gather together _aron_. They cut it with scythes and gather it with sickles. They tie it up and take it to Baǧdedə. They bring it to the church and put it under the ?? of Mary, in order for it to dry. If there is a porch, they put it there to dry, until, when the festival comes, they would put petrol on it and kindle it. People would come with cymbals. The priests come out. They go around the _tahra_ (wonder) three times. They kindle the _tahra_, they kindle the _aron_, because the Messiah came and the world was became bright, that is brightness came. The inhabitants of Baǧdedə would pick up from what was left, the ash that was left.

We would go to the _nənxə_, we would go and gather _nənxə_ from the valley of the bison. From there we would bring _nənxə_. In what festival was this? It was in the festival of Mary. They inhabitants of Baǧdedə gathered it into a basin, put incense on it and made it burn fragrantly. It is a festival with a pleasant fragrance, that is there is a very pleasant fragrance during the festival, which is given off from it (i.e. the plant). They distribute it (i.e. the fragrant plant) to the people.

As for the sprigs, the sprigs that they bring for Palm Sunday, they used to bring them from the abbey. In the abbey there are olive trees. They brought them from the abbey, they made them small and tied them together. There were some who made them into the shape of a cross and put them on their chest. This thing was widespread in Baǧdedə. They would go around Baǧdedə and were proud of it, since it was an olive tree, which is a tree that is green, an evergreen tree.