Barwar: The Village of Dure (2)

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Transcribed by	Source	Speakers
Geoffrey Khan	Khan, Geoffrey. The Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Barwar. 3 vols. Leiden-Boston: Brill, 2008, vol. 3	Dawiḏ ʾAdam

	Transcription	Translation
0:00	máṯət Dùreˈ gu-Bárwər Bàlaˈ m-záwna qamáya ʾìṯwalaˈ ʾarbà ʾumráne.ˈ Mar-Qayyòmaˈ ʾu-Mar-Gwə̀rgəsˈ ʾu-Mar-ʾApìyusˈ ʾu-Mat-Màryəm.ˈ ʾánna ʾíwawa gu-Dùre.ˈ ʾu-Dùreˈ píštɛla muqyàmtaˈ muxràwtaˈ šawwà gáyeˈ l-xànpeˈ qaṭòleˈ t-mušəlmàne.ˈ šétə tmànyaˈ Ṣaddā́m Ḥŭsḗn sìqɛleˈ ḥátta l-ʾumràne-žigənˈ tlìxəlla.ˈ ʾíṯwalən ʾùmraˈ Mar-Gwə̀rgəsˈ ʾax-tré ṭabàqeˈ t-bàteˈ ʾíṯwabe yáʿni xàmši,ˈ tmaní mètre ṱ-awéwabe,ˈ ʾə́mma mə̀treˈ ramùṯe.ˈ ʾu-réše dìyeˈ ʾiwàwaˈ wíḏta ṭla-plàša.ˈ ṱ-awríwa nàšeˈ gáwa gáwət ʾùmra,ˈ rèše,ˈ xazíwala kùlla dukáne,ˈ palšìwa.ˈ ʾíṯwale naxìra.ˈ naxíra ṣə́lya mŭqábəl tàrʾa.ˈ tắra ʾíṯwa xa-képa gòṛa.ˈ xa-náša ṭrìsaˈ là-aməṣwa ṱ-áwərwa gáwe díye,ˈ ʾə́lla kayə́pwa hàtxaˈ ṱ-awə́rwa gáwe dìye.ˈ ʾáp-ʾay ʾíṯwa b-manày,ˈ yáʿni ʾax-ṱ-ámri b-ʿắrăbi ʾəḥtərā̀m,ˈ yáʿni xa-qàdra.ˈ ʾímət kayə́pwa hàtxaˈ ʾax-t-káyəp náša qam-màlka,ˈ hádəx kayə̀pwa,ˈ ṱ-awə́rwa b-tắrət ʾùmra.ˈ ʾu-tắrət ʾúmra ràba zóra-wewa.ˈ ʾu-y-awḏíwa gáwe díye šahàrta.ˈ ʾíṯwalən šawwá ʾabòneˈ gu-máṯa dìyən.ˈ píšela mútte gu-Mar-Qayyóma kúlla gu-ḏà qáwra.ˈ ʾu-ʾímət síqle Ṣaddā̀m,ˈ ḥátta ʾáp ʾo-ʾúmra qəm-talə̀xle.ˈ ʾu-b-xɛ́lət ʾalàha,ˈ har-Dúre lɛ̀-ʾaṯya l-manšóye.ˈ ʾu-har-bənyàla xá-gaya xéta.ˈ ʾu-bnéla Mar-Gwə̀rgəs.ˈ ʾu-síqla nášət màṯaˈ xá-gaya xéta ràba.ˈ ʾu-b-xɛ́lət ʾaláha bṱ-àsqiˈ yóma ṭla-yóma ṱ-óya biš-basìmta.ˈ šétət ʾálpa-w ʾəč̣č̣á-mma-w ʾarbàssərˈ ʾímə t-wéle plàšaˈ qamàya,ˈ ʾan-suráye t-wáwa gu-Tùrkiyaˈ zílla l-ʾÌrən.ˈ ʾan-t-wáwa gu-ʾÍraq zílla l-ʾÌrən.ˈ kúlla mṭéla tàmaˈ mən-qúwwət … t-ʾurusnàyeˈ ʾu-ʾəngəznàyeˈ ʾu-faransàye,ˈ mən-kúlla píšla tàma.ˈ šétət ʾàlpaˈ ʾu-ʾəč̣č̣á-mma-w tmanèssərˈ díṛṛa mən-ʾÌrən.ˈ ʾəštássər b-tàmuzˈ díṛṛa mən-ʾÌrənˈ ṯéla gu-Baqùba.ˈ píšla tre-šə́nne gu-Baqùba.ˈ xàrṯaˈ díṛela síqela xá-gaya xéta l-maṯwàṯa.ˈ síqe l-Tùrkiya.ˈ síqela l-màṯaˈ ʾəč̣č̣ì náše,ˈ ʾəč̣č̣ì nắfăre.ˈ ṱ-amréxi nàše,ˈ là ʿăwàʾəl.ˈ ʾəč̣č̣ì náše.ˈ ʾína ʾaláha yíwle zúryat gawèyˈ ʾu-bréle díya b-xšáwən biz-záwda mən-ʾəč̣č̣á-mma ʾálpa nàše.ˈ máṯət Dùreˈ gu-Bárwər Bàlaˈ m-záwna qamáya ʾìṯwalaˈ ʾarbà ʾumráne.ˈ Mar-Qayyòmaˈ ʾu-Mar-Gwə̀rgəsˈ ʾu-Mar-ʾApìyusˈ ʾu-Mat-Màryəm.ˈ ʾánna ʾíwawa gu-Dùre.ˈ ʾu-Dùreˈ píštɛla muqyàmtaˈ muxràwtaˈ šawwà gáyeˈ l-xànpeˈ qaṭòleˈ t-mušəlmàne.ˈ šétə tmànyaˈ Ṣaddā́m Ḥŭsḗn sìqɛleˈ ḥátta l-ʾumràne-žigənˈ tlìxəlla.ˈ ʾíṯwalən ʾùmraˈ Mar-Gwə̀rgəsˈ ʾax-tré ṭabàqeˈ t-bàteˈ ʾíṯwabe yáʿni xàmši,ˈ tmaní mètre ṱ-awéwabe,ˈ ʾə́mma mə̀treˈ ramùṯe.ˈ ʾu-réše dìyeˈ ʾiwàwaˈ wíḏta ṭla-plàša.ˈ ṱ-awríwa nàšeˈ gáwa gáwət ʾùmra,ˈ rèše,ˈ xazíwala kùlla dukáne,ˈ palšìwa.ˈ ʾíṯwale naxìra.ˈ naxíra ṣə́lya mŭqábəl tàrʾa.ˈ tắra ʾíṯwa xa-képa gòṛa.ˈ xa-náša ṭrìsaˈ là-aməṣwa ṱ-áwərwa gáwe díye,ˈ ʾə́lla kayə́pwa hàtxaˈ ṱ-awə́rwa gáwe dìye.ˈ ʾáp-ʾay ʾíṯwa b-manày,ˈ yáʿni ʾax-ṱ-ámri b-ʿắrăbi ʾəḥtərā̀m,ˈ yáʿni xa-qàdra.ˈ ʾímət kayə́pwa hàtxaˈ ʾax-t-káyəp náša qam-màlka,ˈ hádəx kayə̀pwa,ˈ ṱ-awə́rwa b-tắrət ʾùmra.ˈ ʾu-tắrət ʾúmra ràba zóra-wewa.ˈ ʾu-y-awḏíwa gáwe díye šahàrta.ˈ ʾíṯwalən šawwá ʾabòneˈ gu-máṯa dìyən.ˈ píšela mútte gu-Mar-Qayyóma kúlla gu-ḏà qáwra.ˈ ʾu-ʾímət síqle Ṣaddā̀m,ˈ ḥátta ʾáp ʾo-ʾúmra qəm-talə̀xle.ˈ ʾu-b-xɛ́lət ʾalàha,ˈ har-Dúre lɛ̀-ʾaṯya l-manšóye.ˈ ʾu-har-bənyàla xá-gaya xéta.ˈ ʾu-bnéla Mar-Gwə̀rgəs.ˈ ʾu-síqla nášət màṯaˈ xá-gaya xéta ràba.ˈ ʾu-b-xɛ́lət ʾaláha bṱ-àsqiˈ yóma ṭla-yóma ṱ-óya biš-basìmta.ˈ šétət ʾálpa-w ʾəč̣č̣á-mma-w ʾarbàssərˈ ʾímə t-wéle plàšaˈ qamàya,ˈ ʾan-suráye t-wáwa gu-Tùrkiyaˈ zílla l-ʾÌrən.ˈ ʾan-t-wáwa gu-ʾÍraq zílla l-ʾÌrən.ˈ kúlla mṭéla tàmaˈ mən-qúwwət … t-ʾurusnàyeˈ ʾu-ʾəngəznàyeˈ ʾu-faransàye,ˈ mən-kúlla píšla tàma.ˈ šétət ʾàlpaˈ ʾu-ʾəč̣č̣á-mma-w tmanèssərˈ díṛṛa mən-ʾÌrən.ˈ ʾəštássər b-tàmuzˈ díṛṛa mən-ʾÌrənˈ ṯéla gu-Baqùba.ˈ píšla tre-šə́nne gu-Baqùba.ˈ xàrṯaˈ díṛela síqela xá-gaya xéta l-maṯwàṯa.ˈ síqe l-Tùrkiya.ˈ síqela l-màṯaˈ ʾəč̣č̣ì náše,ˈ ʾəč̣č̣ì nắfăre.ˈ ṱ-amréxi nàše,ˈ là ʿăwàʾəl.ˈ ʾəč̣č̣ì náše.ˈ ʾína ʾaláha yíwle zúryat gawèyˈ ʾu-bréle díya b-xšáwən biz-záwda mən-ʾəč̣č̣á-mma ʾálpa nàše.ˈ	The village of Dure in Barwari Bala from ancient times had four churches, (those of) Saint Qayyoma, Saint George, Saint Apius and Saint Mary. These were in Dure. Dure was evacuated and destroyed seven times by pagan murderers of Muslims. In the year (19)80, Ṣaddām Ḥusēn came up and destroyed even the churches. We had the church of Saint George, which had what was similar to two floors of a house, that is it was in all fifty, eighty metres, even a hundred metres in height. (The area) on top of it was designed for war. People would enter into the church, (go up) on top of it, and they would see all places, when there was fighting. It had a ‘nose’. (From) the nose one came down to opposite the door. The door consisted of a large stone. A large man could not enter through it, unless he stooped like this to enter. This had a (symbolic) meaning, namely, as they say in Arabic, _ʾəḥtərām_, that is (to show) respect. When (a person) stooped like this, it was like a person bowing before a king. He would bow in the same way in order to enter the door of the church. The door of the church was very small. They would hold vigil in it (the church). We had seven bishops in our village. They were all laid in one grave in (the church of) Saint Qayyoma. When Ṣaddām came up he destroyed even that church. But, by the strength of God, Dure will never be forgotten. They have already built it again. They have rebuilt (the church of) Saint George. Many people of the village have gone up there again. By the strength of God they will (continue to) go up and it will become better from day to day. In the year 1914, when the First War began, the Christians who were in Turkiye went to Iran. Those who were in Iraq went to Iran. They were forced to go there by the Russians, the English and the French, and (forced) by all of these (nations) to stay there. In the year 1918 they returned from Iran. On the 16th of Tamuz ( July) they returned from Iran and went to Baquba. They remained two years in Baquba. Then they went up and returned again to the villages. They went up to Turkiye. Ninety people went to the village (of Dure), ninety souls. We mean people, not families, ninety people. But God granted progeny among them and by now there have been born, I think, more than nine-hundred thousand people.

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Transcription:

máṯət Dùreˈ gu-Bárwər Bàlaˈ m-záwna qamáya ʾìṯwalaˈ ʾarbà ʾumráne.ˈ Mar-Qayyòmaˈ ʾu-Mar-Gwə̀rgəsˈ ʾu-Mar-ʾApìyusˈ ʾu-Mat-Màryəm.ˈ ʾánna ʾíwawa gu-Dùre.ˈ ʾu-Dùreˈ píštɛla muqyàmtaˈ muxràwtaˈ šawwà gáyeˈ l-xànpeˈ qaṭòleˈ t-mušəlmàne.ˈ šétə tmànyaˈ Ṣaddā́m Ḥŭsḗn sìqɛleˈ ḥátta l-ʾumràne-žigənˈ tlìxəlla.ˈ ʾíṯwalən ʾùmraˈ Mar-Gwə̀rgəsˈ ʾax-tré ṭabàqeˈ t-bàteˈ ʾíṯwabe yáʿni xàmši,ˈ tmaní mètre ṱ-awéwabe,ˈ ʾə́mma mə̀treˈ ramùṯe.ˈ ʾu-réše dìyeˈ ʾiwàwaˈ wíḏta ṭla-plàša.ˈ ṱ-awríwa nàšeˈ gáwa gáwət ʾùmra,ˈ rèše,ˈ xazíwala kùlla dukáne,ˈ palšìwa.ˈ ʾíṯwale naxìra.ˈ naxíra ṣə́lya mŭqábəl tàrʾa.ˈ tắra ʾíṯwa xa-képa gòṛa.ˈ xa-náša ṭrìsaˈ là-aməṣwa ṱ-áwərwa gáwe díye,ˈ ʾə́lla kayə́pwa hàtxaˈ ṱ-awə́rwa gáwe dìye.ˈ ʾáp-ʾay ʾíṯwa b-manày,ˈ yáʿni ʾax-ṱ-ámri b-ʿắrăbi ʾəḥtərā̀m,ˈ yáʿni xa-qàdra.ˈ ʾímət kayə́pwa hàtxaˈ ʾax-t-káyəp náša qam-màlka,ˈ hádəx kayə̀pwa,ˈ ṱ-awə́rwa b-tắrət ʾùmra.ˈ ʾu-tắrət ʾúmra ràba zóra-wewa.ˈ ʾu-y-awḏíwa gáwe díye šahàrta.ˈ ʾíṯwalən šawwá ʾabòneˈ gu-máṯa dìyən.ˈ píšela mútte gu-Mar-Qayyóma kúlla gu-ḏà qáwra.ˈ ʾu-ʾímət síqle Ṣaddā̀m,ˈ ḥátta ʾáp ʾo-ʾúmra qəm-talə̀xle.ˈ ʾu-b-xɛ́lət ʾalàha,ˈ har-Dúre lɛ̀-ʾaṯya l-manšóye.ˈ ʾu-har-bənyàla xá-gaya xéta.ˈ ʾu-bnéla Mar-Gwə̀rgəs.ˈ ʾu-síqla nášət màṯaˈ xá-gaya xéta ràba.ˈ ʾu-b-xɛ́lət ʾaláha bṱ-àsqiˈ yóma ṭla-yóma ṱ-óya biš-basìmta.ˈ

šétət ʾálpa-w ʾəč̣č̣á-mma-w ʾarbàssərˈ ʾímə t-wéle plàšaˈ qamàya,ˈ ʾan-suráye t-wáwa gu-Tùrkiyaˈ zílla l-ʾÌrən.ˈ ʾan-t-wáwa gu-ʾÍraq zílla l-ʾÌrən.ˈ kúlla mṭéla tàmaˈ mən-qúwwət … t-ʾurusnàyeˈ ʾu-ʾəngəznàyeˈ ʾu-faransàye,ˈ mən-kúlla píšla tàma.ˈ šétət ʾàlpaˈ ʾu-ʾəč̣č̣á-mma-w tmanèssərˈ díṛṛa mən-ʾÌrən.ˈ ʾəštássər b-tàmuzˈ díṛṛa mən-ʾÌrənˈ ṯéla gu-Baqùba.ˈ píšla tre-šə́nne gu-Baqùba.ˈ xàrṯaˈ díṛela síqela xá-gaya xéta l-maṯwàṯa.ˈ síqe l-Tùrkiya.ˈ síqela l-màṯaˈ ʾəč̣č̣ì náše,ˈ ʾəč̣č̣ì nắfăre.ˈ ṱ-amréxi nàše,ˈ là ʿăwàʾəl.ˈ ʾəč̣č̣ì náše.ˈ ʾína ʾaláha yíwle zúryat gawèyˈ ʾu-bréle díya b-xšáwən biz-záwda mən-ʾəč̣č̣á-mma ʾálpa nàše.ˈ

Translation:

The village of Dure in Barwari Bala from ancient times had four churches, (those of) Saint Qayyoma, Saint George, Saint Apius and Saint Mary. These were in Dure. Dure was evacuated and destroyed seven times by pagan murderers of Muslims. In the year (19)80, Ṣaddām Ḥusēn came up and destroyed even the churches. We had the church of Saint George, which had what was similar to two floors of a house, that is it was in all fifty, eighty metres, even a hundred metres in height. (The area) on top of it was designed for war. People would enter into the church, (go up) on top of it, and they would see all places, when there was fighting. It had a ‘nose’. (From) the nose one came down to opposite the door. The door consisted of a large stone. A large man could not enter through it, unless he stooped like this to enter. This had a (symbolic) meaning, namely, as they say in Arabic, _ʾəḥtərām_, that is (to show) respect. When (a person) stooped like this, it was like a person bowing before a king. He would bow in the same way in order to enter the door of the church. The door of the church was very small. They would hold vigil in it (the church). We had seven bishops in our village. They were all laid in one grave in (the church of) Saint Qayyoma. When Ṣaddām came up he destroyed even that church. But, by the strength of God, Dure will never be forgotten. They have already built it again. They have rebuilt (the church of) Saint George. Many people of the village have gone up there again. By the strength of God they will (continue to) go up and it will become better from day to day.

In the year 1914, when the First War began, the Christians who were in Turkiye went to Iran. Those who were in Iraq went to Iran. They were forced to go there by the Russians, the English and the French, and (forced) by all of these (nations) to stay there. In the year 1918 they returned from Iran. On the 16th of Tamuz ( July) they returned from Iran and went to Baquba. They remained two years in Baquba. Then they went up and returned again to the villages. They went up to Turkiye. Ninety people went to the village (of Dure), ninety souls. We mean people, not families, ninety people. But God granted progeny among them and by now there have been born, I think, more than nine-hundred thousand people.