Barwar: Games (1)

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Transcribed by	Source	Speakers
Geoffrey Khan	Khan, Geoffrey. The Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Barwar. 3 vols. Leiden-Boston: Brill, 2008, vol. 3	ʾOdišo ʾƏnwiya

	Transcription	Translation
0:00	ṭawalyàṯaˈ mqùsme-wawaˈ ʾàrbaˈ fŭṣū̀l.ˈ lá-kulla danáne kúlla ṭawalyáṯa ṱ-aṯíwa mṭawòle.ˈ ʾíṯwa t-bɛ̀hɛr,ˈ ʾíṯwa t-qɛ̀ṭa,ˈ ʾíṯwa t-čèri,ˈ ʾíṯwa t-sə̀twa.ˈ kut-dána ʾítla b-dána díya ṭawalyàṯa.ˈ b-ṭusa šáqləx bərbərràne.ˈ bərbərràneˈ mṭalíla gu-bɛhɛrìye,ˈ biz-zòdaˈ ʾaṣráre b-lèle,ˈ sab-b-yòmaˈ yalùnke,ˈ yáʿni ʾùrze,ˈ kúlla y-áwa blíge b-plàxa,ˈ ʾu-gúṛe gu-zrùta,ˈ ʾu-gu-mtaróṣe dukànət zrútaˈ ʾu-xpàra.ˈ lé-y-maṣi mṭáli b-ɛ-dā́n ṱ-áwe yòma.ˈ fa-ʾáṯi ʾaṣə́rta jắmi bắyi xàmli.ˈ líṯ televəzyṑn,ˈ líṯ čù-məndi.ˈ bắyi xàmli.ˈ máṭo xàmli?ˈ ʾítla ṭawalyàṯa.ˈ fa-ʾàyya xa-ṭawáltaˈ ʾɛ́-gət ʾan-yomáṯa ṱ-awéwa ràba séraˈ qùwya,ˈ béṛa spày,ˈ xá mən-xaqláṯa ṱ-íla sapìqeˈ ṱ-íla qùrbət máṯa,ˈ jămíwa kúlla ʾùrze,ˈ jwànqe,ˈ jămíwa m-ġḏáḏe tàma.ˈ pɛšíwa tré jwìne.ˈ kút-xa jwína m-ġḏàḏe.ˈ ʾɛ́gə ṱ-oḏìwa tre-jwíne,ˈ mačxíwa mắṯălan ʾánna tréʾe zirə̀k-ilaˈ xá l-ày-gota,ˈ xá l-ày-gota.ˈ ʾan-tréʾe bíš-xačča zằbun-ila,ˈ xá l-ày-gota, xá l-ày-gota.ˈ ʾánna biš-zòrela,ˈ xá l-ày-gota, xá l-ày-gota.ˈ qa-ṱ-awéwa ʾán-tre jwìneˈ qúwye dax-ġḏáḏe,ˈ ta-t-lá-pɛšiwa xa-zằbunˈ xa-qùwya.ˈ xàrṯaˈ ṱ-awḏìwaˈ dɛríwa xà-kepa gu-ʾiḏéy.ˈ mattíwale báṯər xàṣa.ˈ maqəlbíwale l-áy-gota xèta.ˈ ʾo-goṛə d-àwwa jwínaˈ mbaqə́rwa mən-d-áwwa jwína xènaˈ gu-d-ɛ̀nile képa?ˈ ʾən-ḏìle képa gu-d-ɛ́nile,ˈ ʾáni pálṭi qam-tằra.ˈ ʾan-t-lɛ́la ḏìye,ˈ ʾan-ṱ-íla xsìre,ˈ pɛ́ši gawàye.ˈ gawáye dáwqi xa-dùkṯa,ˈ xá ṱ-amrə̀xle,ˈ dax-ṱ-amríle gìša,ˈ ʾáw xa-dùkṯa,ˈ xa-qɛ̀sa,ˈ dawqìle,ˈ kálɛ qáme dìye.ˈ ʾánna-t pàlṭi,ˈ ṱ-árqi rə̀ḥqa,ˈ ʾan-ṱ-íla qrìme.ˈ ʾan-ṱ-íla mqùrmeˈ pɛ́ši gawàye.ˈ ṱ-ázi ta-t-máxi ʾiḏéy l-d-ănàha.ˈ kút qítle ʾíḏe díye b-o-xènaˈ b-o-ṱ-íle qam-tằra,ˈ ʾáw nàpəl,ˈ ʾáw prìqle m-ṭawálta,ˈ qìdle.ˈ bás ʾănáha ṱ-íla qam-tằra,ˈ kú mənná ṱ-íle pláṭa mən-gawàye,ˈ pláṭa la-qam-tằra,ˈ ṱ-áṯe qàme qáme díye,ˈ ṱ-árəq qáme qáme dìye,ˈ ʾáwwa qəm-qăṭèle,ˈ prìqleˈ ʾap-ʾàwwaˈ m-an-ṱ-íla gawàye.ˈ ʾap-ʾáwwa màyəṯ.ˈ yáʿni ʾap-ʾáwwa pàrəqˈ dáwre dìye.ˈ ʾən-kúlla qəm-maxíla bərrèyˈ ʾáw qəm-dawqíle ʾo-qɛ́sa ṱ-íle be-pàlga,ˈ ṯèlaˈ xá mən-d-ánna ṱ-íla qam-tằra,ˈ ṯéle qəm-dawə̀qle,ˈ xsìrra ʾan-gawáye.ˈ xá-ga xéta pálṭi ʾănàha,ˈ ʾáni pɛ́ši qam-tằraˈ ʾan-xéne pɛ́ši gawàye.ˈ ʾən-là xsírreyˈ ʾánna-t qrìmlaˈ mšaxə̀lpi.ˈ ʾan-ṱ-ìla qam-tắra ṱ-áṯi gawàye,ˈ ʾan-gawáye pálṭi qam-tằra.ˈ lá măríxəxla gu-bərràne.ˈ ʾìṯənˈ ràbeˈ ṭawalyàṯa,ˈ ta-t năfìlux.ˈ ʾíṯən šàqqa.ˈ šàqqaˈ biš-rába mṭalíla b-yòma.ˈ ʾáyya ṭawálta là-barya b-lɛ́le.ˈ w-ànnaˈ ʾáyya ṭawàltaˈ mṭalíla čerìye,ˈ ʾɛ́-gə ṱ-àweˈ lìṯ tálga,ˈ ʾu-ṱ-áwe payùxtaˈ dúnye lá raba-xamìmta,ˈ la-šaxínta ràba,ˈ mṭalíla šàqqa.ˈ gùttɛlaˈ ʾu-qɛ̀sa.ˈ ʾap-ʾánna pɛ́ši trè jwíne.ˈ xa-jwìnaˈ gawàye,ˈ xàˈ qam-tằra.ˈ xákma ṱ-àṯiˈ t-yáwi gùtta.ˈ ʾan-ṱ-íla yáwa gùttaˈ ʾáni gawàyela,ˈ ʾan-xéna qam-tằra.ˈ ʾáwwa maxéla b-qɛ̀sa.ˈ ʾánna ṱ-íla gawàyeˈ plíṭela qam-gùtta.ˈ har-ṯéla gùtta,ˈ hár qəm-dawqíla gùtta,ˈ ʾánna xéne xsìrra.ˈ mšaxə̀lpi,ˈ ʾánna šōp-d-ànna.ˈ ʾáp-ʾayya ṭawálta ʾìṯwa.ˈ ʾìṯenaˈ ṭawàltətˈ ṭŭši-ṭŭ̀šo.ˈ ʾáy ṭawáltət sə̀twɛla.ˈ sə́twa baṭìle-wɛwa náše.ˈ ʾi-jắmi l-ġḏàḏe.ˈ ʾáp-ʾáni pɛ́ši tre-jwìne.ˈ xa-jwìnaˈ kále qam-xa-qɛ́sa gòṛa,ˈ xa-ʾilànta,ˈ tùṯa,ˈ mə̀ndi.ˈ kále táma ʾay-dùkṯa,ˈ gìšɛla.ˈ ʾan-xéne pálṭi mṭáši ganèy.ˈ mṭáši ganéy gu-màṯa.ˈ màṯɛla.ˈ xá gu-d-aw-gòma,ˈ xá d-ɛ-dùkṯa,ˈ xá qam-d-áwwa bɛ̀ṯa.ˈ mṭàši.ˈ ʾan-xéne pálṭi ṭắyi bàṯra.ˈ hár qəm-xazèle,ˈ lázəm maxéle ʾíḏa ʾə̀lle.ˈ ʾən-là-mxele ʾíḏe-lle,ˈ w-áwwa ṯéle dwíqle ʾo-qɛ́sa ṱ-íle dúkṯət mṭawàlta,ˈ xàsri.ˈ xá-ga xèta.ˈ ʾáyya ṭawàlta-žiˈ ràba mṭalíwalaˈ gu-maṯwàṯa.ˈ ʾamríla xa-šə́mma xèna,ˈ pùq-əlli.ˈ ṭàppu.ˈ ṭàppu,ˈ ṭŭši-ṭŭ̀šo,ˈ ʾáni kùllaˈ har-xà ṭawáltɛla.ˈ ʾìṯənˈ xá-ṭawalta xèta,ˈ har-sə̀twɛlaˈ ʾap-ʾàyya.ˈ šwára baràne.ˈ xá kále hàtxa.ˈ ʾup-xéna làxxa,ˈ ʾup-xènaˈ báṯər ġḏàḏe.ˈ ṱ-áṯe xa-mən-d-ànna,ˈ ʾo-t-̭íle mṭawòle.ˈ šawə́rre ʾàwwa,ˈ šáwər ʾup-o-xèna,ˈ šáwər ʾup-o-xèna.ˈ ʾáwwa qáyəm šàwərˈ bàṯre.ˈ ʾáyya ṭawàltaˈ y-àwḏaˈ šaxinùṯa.ˈ náša qàrṯe y-áwya,ˈ ʾən-t-̭áwe jwàjta,ˈ b-šàxən.ˈ ʾáyya ṭawálta mṭalíwala rába b-sə̀twa,ˈ ʾɛ-gə ṱ-áwe tàlga,ˈ š-garăwàṯa.ˈ ṭàbʿan,ˈ gu-ʾayya-maṯɛ̀niˈ ʾìwabaˈ xamšə̀ssərˈ ʾəsrì-bate,ˈ kúlla xa-gàre,ˈ kúlla dbíše l-ġḏàḏe.ˈ ʾu-ʾan-báte xáṯe t-wáwa bə̀nyəllaˈ ʾáni rə̀ḥqɛwa mən-d-áwwa tăjàmmuʿ.ˈ bas-ʾáwwa gàreˈ mṭalíwa réše díye ṭawalyàṯaˈ muxtằləf.ˈ ʾu-šùta,ˈ ʾáp-ʾayya šúta ṭawáltət sə̀twɛla.ˈ sáb baṭilúṯa biš-ràbaˈ líṯwa šuláne ràba.ˈ šùtaˈ qɛ̀sɛle,ˈ yáʿni ʾíbe xàˈ xámša ʾə̀šta santimétreˈ ramúṯe dìye.ˈ ʾáṯe maxròpe,ˈ réše díye xarùpa,ˈ ʾu-hàtxa,ˈ baʿdḗn pə̀ṯya ʾə́ltəx.ˈ gu-réše díye máxi bəzmàra.ˈ bəzmára ʾáp-ʾaw glòla y-áwe.ˈ xăḏíle č̭ənnək̭ɛ́re díye gə̀dda.ˈ doqíla b-ʾìḏa.ˈ mrapìla,ˈ garšíle gə̀dda,ˈ yàhaˈ mazrètaˈ ʾi-pàtla.ˈ ʾàp-ʾayyaˈ mṭalìwala.ˈ šùta,ˈ mazrèta,ˈ ʾíṯən bíš-raba mən-xá šə̀mma,ˈ qa-d-àyya ṭawálta.ˈ mazrèta,ˈ ʾu-šùta,ˈ č̭ənnàra.ˈ ʾáx-t-y-amrítula č̭ənnàra,ˈ ʾáxni y-amrə́xwala šùta.ˈ yáʿni gu-Bɛ̀rwərˈ šúta bìš mapəlxə̀xwa.ˈ ʾu-hár b-sə̀twaˈ mṭalíwa b-tăbàlle.ˈ ʾáp yále zòre,ˈ ʾəsrì-šənne,ˈ ʾəsri-w-xamšà-šənne,ˈ hal-d-áwwa ʾŭ̀murˈ mṭalíwa b-tăbàlle.ˈ tebálla ʾíle xa-šùša.ˈ mən-šùšɛle.ˈ glòlɛle.ˈ zòrɛle.ˈ mṭalìla.ˈ ʾíṯən ṭawalyàṯa.ˈ ʾíṯən màttiˈ k̭əttàṯa.ˈ mắṯălan ʾána xàʾa,ˈ ʾáti xàʾa,ˈ ʾaw-xéna xàʾa,ˈ kút-xa mə́nnən máttu kəmɛ̀wəx muštărəkī́n.ˈ xàmša,ˈ ʾə̀ṣṛa,ˈ kút-xa mə́nnən máttu ḏàʾa.ˈ xàrṯaˈ ṱ-àzəxˈ ṱ-óḏəx ʾəttəfā̀qˈ l-xa-trè métre.ˈ mən-táma dɛ̀rəx.ˈ dɛ́rəx tăbàlla,ˈ kút-xa mə́nnən xáʾa báṯər d-o-xèna.ˈ ʾayya-béna gàrrileˈ ʾa-béna xéta gàrrux-ile,ˈ ʾa-béna gárrə d-àw,ˈ kut-dána gárrət xàʾa.ˈ mən-táma dɛ̀rəx.ˈ ʾo-qamàya,ˈ ʾən-qítlux ḏá mən-d-ànna,ˈ ʾàti mṭálət,ˈ har-ṭawálta dìyux-ila.ˈ kut-qàyəṯ,ˈ yáʿni ʾána drèli,ˈ qìtli,ˈ ʾáw šaqlə̀nne.ˈ ʾu-har-dɛ́rən b-xèta,ˈ dɛ́rən b-xèta.ˈ ʾən-ʾaxlə̀nna kúlla,ˈ prìqla ṭawálta.ˈ kúlla ʾan-tăbálle b-šaqlə́nna dɛ́rənna gu-jèbi.ˈ ʾu-xá-bena xéta màttexi.ˈ ʾən-là-qitli,ˈ kálən xa-gòta.ˈ kúlla dɛ̀ri.ˈ ʾən-ʾáp-xa mə́nna la-qítle mən-d-ánna tre-mètre,ˈ mšắre ʾo-qamàya ṱ-ile-də́rya mən-d-ánna tré-metre bən-d-ánna k̭əttàṯaˈ dráya mən-qùrba.ˈ ʾàp-ʾaw,ˈ ʾən-maxèla,ˈ kut-maxéla šaqə̀lla.ˈ kut-maxéla šaqə̀lla.ˈ xàrṯaˈ ʾə́n ʾan-ṱ-ìla qúrbi qúrbi,ˈ màṣənˈ har-qìtli bíya,ˈ mxéle tăbálli tăballèy,ˈ ʾaw-plìṭle m-ṭawálta,ˈ ʾaw-xsìrre,ˈ ʾaw-plìṭle m-ṭawálta.ˈ ʾáyya xà-ṭawalta.ˈ ʾíṯ xá ṭawálta xéta ṱ-amríwala ʾòrta.ˈ ʾáyya ṭawálta xàṯtɛla ṯíṯa.ˈ ʾìṯwaˈ ʾax-muṯàllaṯ-ile.ˈ ṭḷáṯa gòše.ˈ ʾàwwaˈ mattíwa kùt-xaˈ kəmà tăbálleˈ ʾána-w ʾàti-wˈ ʾAwìya-wˈ Rábbi Dàwiḏ-uˈ ʾAndrìwus,ˈ kút-xa mə́nnən ṱ-ámrəx máttəx ṭḷàṯa ṭḷáṯa tebálle.ˈ ṭḷáṯa ṭḷáṯa mattə̀xla gu-d-áyya,ˈ gu-d-áwwa ʾòrta,ˈ ʾu-ṱ-ázəx mən-rə́ḥqa dɛ̀rəx.ˈ dɛ̀rəx,ˈ kút-xa mə́nnən dɛ̀re,ˈ kút mpulə́ṭle xa-tăbálla ṱ-áṯe dɛ́re xa-xèna.ˈ mpalə́ṭla m-gu-d-àwwaˈ muṯàllaṯ.ˈ hal-ʾɛ́gət kə̀ma mpálṭəxˈ šàqləx.ˈ ʾu-ʾɛ́gət ṱ-áwe xá mənnɛ́ni qúrbə d-o-xèna,ˈ har-maxə̀nneˈ tăbálli l-tăbálle dìye,ˈ ʾaw-mìtle,ˈ ʾaw-prìqle,ˈ ʾaw-xsìrre.ˈ ʾu-ʾə́n mpulə́ṭli mən-d-ánna tăbálle ṱ-íla gu-d-áwwa muṯàllaṯ,ˈ ʾáni qarmə̀nna,ˈ dɛ́rənna gu-jèbi.ˈ ʾìṯwa ṭawalyáṯa xéneˈ munə̀šyən.ˈ har-ʾáp-ʾani har-tăbàlla,ˈ bas-munə̀šyən díya.ˈ hà,ˈ ʾatkòre.ˈ xá č̭àleˈ ʾamùqta,ˈ ʾap-ʾàyˈ màttexiˈ xá-tre métre rə̀ḥqa.ˈ ʾu-kút dɛ̀reˈ mən-táma l-tàmaˈ ʾɛ́ni dɛréle gu-d-ay-č̭àle,ˈ ʾàwˈ b-qàrəm.ˈ ʾu-ṱ-aẃḏi ʾəttəfā̀q.ˈ mắṯălan ʾána ṣlèli gu-d-ay-č̭áleˈ qám xa-d-an-xèneˈ kút-xa mə́nna yawə́lli xà tebálla.ˈ dùdu.ˈ dúdu ṭawáltət sə̀twɛla.ˈ yáʿni l-garăwàṯa biš-rába mṭalíwala,ˈ l-garăwàṯa.ˈ ʾáp-ʾayya xàˈ yáʿni kále l-pàlga-wˈ ʾu-xá máxe l-ġxḏàḏe.ˈ ʾíṯən maṯwáṯa mắṯălan lìtla gáre góṛa dax-dɛrəšknàye.ˈ ʾítla xo-tùṯa,ˈ ʾítla túṯa č̣ùwa.ˈ ḏa-dúkṯa xo-gàwza.ˈ ʾítla qam-ʾùmra.ˈ ʾíṯ dùkṯa,ˈ pròrtɛla,ˈ máṣi mṭàli gáwa,ˈ dàštɛla,ˈ máṣi mṭàli gáwa.ˈ sab-maṯwáṯa gu-Bɛ́rwər tìwelaˈ gu-ṭuràne,ˈ yáʿni dukáne líṯən rába dášta qamɛ̀ni,ˈ dax-ṱ-íla dáštət Mòṣul,ˈ dax-ṱ-íla daštáṯa xène.ˈ matəxrúli ṭawalyáṯa xène.ˈ ʾíṯən qɛ̀ṭaˈ xa-ṭúxmət spòrt,ˈ t-riyàḏ̣a,ˈ bàniˈ ʾítlən xa-nèra,ˈ nérət Bè-xelape ṱ-amríle.ˈ ʾi-nắwe mən-Bèdoˈ ʾu-ʾÒra,ˈ y-áṯe gáwa-gawət Màye,ˈ ʾu-Dɛrə̀ške,ˈ ʾƐ̄́n-Nune-wˈ ʾu-ṣále l-ʾÌyyət,ˈ ʾu-Bəšmiyàye-wˈ Ṭərwànəš,ˈ ʾan-màṯwaṯətˈ Sɛ̀ra-wˈ Sɛrdàšte-wˈ hál ṣále gu-Zàwa.ˈ béna kut-màṯaˈ muqábəl-t maṯèyˈ ṣalìwaˈ banìwaˈ gùdaˈ gu-d-ó nèra,ˈ páyəšwa dax-gàrra.ˈ kúlley yalúnkət máṯa ṣalíwa saxíwa gu-d-aw-gàrra,ˈ b-qɛ̀ṭa ʾáyya.ˈ qɛ́ṭa xə̀mma y-awéwa rábaˈ dā́n-t pàlgət yóma,ˈ kawùṯra,ˈ t-xădàyaˈ dax-ṱ-ámri nāš-díyən qàmṯa.ˈ xădàya,ˈ kawúṯra díya xàṯtɛla.ˈ ʾɛ-dànaˈ y-axlíwa xădàyaˈ ʾu-ṣalíwa š-mìya,ˈ š-nèra,ˈ saxíwa tàma.ˈ xamlíwa ʾan-yalúnke tàmaˈ xa-trè-saʾəteˈ ṭḷà-saʾəteˈ ta-ṱ-aṯíwa t-azíwa qam-tàwre,ˈ ṱ-azíwa qam-ʾə̀rwe.ˈ šulánət ʾìtwaley,ˈ xzàda,ˈ kùll-xa-məndi.ˈ ṱ-azíwa mən-táma hódəx wáḏa šulanèyˈ báṯər ṱ-aṯíwa m-š-mìya.ˈ pɛšáwa biš-payùxta.ˈ ṭawalyàṯaˈ mqùsme-wawaˈ ʾàrbaˈ fŭṣū̀l.ˈ lá-kulla danáne kúlla ṭawalyáṯa ṱ-aṯíwa mṭawòle.ˈ ʾíṯwa t-bɛ̀hɛr,ˈ ʾíṯwa t-qɛ̀ṭa,ˈ ʾíṯwa t-čèri,ˈ ʾíṯwa t-sə̀twa.ˈ kut-dána ʾítla b-dána díya ṭawalyàṯa.ˈ b-ṭusa šáqləx bərbərràne.ˈ bərbərràneˈ mṭalíla gu-bɛhɛrìye,ˈ biz-zòdaˈ ʾaṣráre b-lèle,ˈ sab-b-yòmaˈ yalùnke,ˈ yáʿni ʾùrze,ˈ kúlla y-áwa blíge b-plàxa,ˈ ʾu-gúṛe gu-zrùta,ˈ ʾu-gu-mtaróṣe dukànət zrútaˈ ʾu-xpàra.ˈ lé-y-maṣi mṭáli b-ɛ-dā́n ṱ-áwe yòma.ˈ fa-ʾáṯi ʾaṣə́rta jắmi bắyi xàmli.ˈ líṯ televəzyṑn,ˈ líṯ čù-məndi.ˈ bắyi xàmli.ˈ máṭo xàmli?ˈ ʾítla ṭawalyàṯa.ˈ fa-ʾàyya xa-ṭawáltaˈ ʾɛ́-gət ʾan-yomáṯa ṱ-awéwa ràba séraˈ qùwya,ˈ béṛa spày,ˈ xá mən-xaqláṯa ṱ-íla sapìqeˈ ṱ-íla qùrbət máṯa,ˈ jămíwa kúlla ʾùrze,ˈ jwànqe,ˈ jămíwa m-ġḏáḏe tàma.ˈ pɛšíwa tré jwìne.ˈ kút-xa jwína m-ġḏàḏe.ˈ ʾɛ́gə ṱ-oḏìwa tre-jwíne,ˈ mačxíwa mắṯălan ʾánna tréʾe zirə̀k-ilaˈ xá l-ày-gota,ˈ xá l-ày-gota.ˈ ʾan-tréʾe bíš-xačča zằbun-ila,ˈ xá l-ày-gota, xá l-ày-gota.ˈ ʾánna biš-zòrela,ˈ xá l-ày-gota, xá l-ày-gota.ˈ qa-ṱ-awéwa ʾán-tre jwìneˈ qúwye dax-ġḏáḏe,ˈ ta-t-lá-pɛšiwa xa-zằbunˈ xa-qùwya.ˈ xàrṯaˈ ṱ-awḏìwaˈ dɛríwa xà-kepa gu-ʾiḏéy.ˈ mattíwale báṯər xàṣa.ˈ maqəlbíwale l-áy-gota xèta.ˈ ʾo-goṛə d-àwwa jwínaˈ mbaqə́rwa mən-d-áwwa jwína xènaˈ gu-d-ɛ̀nile képa?ˈ ʾən-ḏìle képa gu-d-ɛ́nile,ˈ ʾáni pálṭi qam-tằra.ˈ ʾan-t-lɛ́la ḏìye,ˈ ʾan-ṱ-íla xsìre,ˈ pɛ́ši gawàye.ˈ gawáye dáwqi xa-dùkṯa,ˈ xá ṱ-amrə̀xle,ˈ dax-ṱ-amríle gìša,ˈ ʾáw xa-dùkṯa,ˈ xa-qɛ̀sa,ˈ dawqìle,ˈ kálɛ qáme dìye.ˈ ʾánna-t pàlṭi,ˈ ṱ-árqi rə̀ḥqa,ˈ ʾan-ṱ-íla qrìme.ˈ ʾan-ṱ-íla mqùrmeˈ pɛ́ši gawàye.ˈ ṱ-ázi ta-t-máxi ʾiḏéy l-d-ănàha.ˈ kút qítle ʾíḏe díye b-o-xènaˈ b-o-ṱ-íle qam-tằra,ˈ ʾáw nàpəl,ˈ ʾáw prìqle m-ṭawálta,ˈ qìdle.ˈ bás ʾănáha ṱ-íla qam-tằra,ˈ kú mənná ṱ-íle pláṭa mən-gawàye,ˈ pláṭa la-qam-tằra,ˈ ṱ-áṯe qàme qáme díye,ˈ ṱ-árəq qáme qáme dìye,ˈ ʾáwwa qəm-qăṭèle,ˈ prìqleˈ ʾap-ʾàwwaˈ m-an-ṱ-íla gawàye.ˈ ʾap-ʾáwwa màyəṯ.ˈ yáʿni ʾap-ʾáwwa pàrəqˈ dáwre dìye.ˈ ʾən-kúlla qəm-maxíla bərrèyˈ ʾáw qəm-dawqíle ʾo-qɛ́sa ṱ-íle be-pàlga,ˈ ṯèlaˈ xá mən-d-ánna ṱ-íla qam-tằra,ˈ ṯéle qəm-dawə̀qle,ˈ xsìrra ʾan-gawáye.ˈ xá-ga xéta pálṭi ʾănàha,ˈ ʾáni pɛ́ši qam-tằraˈ ʾan-xéne pɛ́ši gawàye.ˈ ʾən-là xsírreyˈ ʾánna-t qrìmlaˈ mšaxə̀lpi.ˈ ʾan-ṱ-ìla qam-tắra ṱ-áṯi gawàye,ˈ ʾan-gawáye pálṭi qam-tằra.ˈ lá măríxəxla gu-bərràne.ˈ ʾìṯənˈ ràbeˈ ṭawalyàṯa,ˈ ta-t năfìlux.ˈ ʾíṯən šàqqa.ˈ šàqqaˈ biš-rába mṭalíla b-yòma.ˈ ʾáyya ṭawálta là-barya b-lɛ́le.ˈ w-ànnaˈ ʾáyya ṭawàltaˈ mṭalíla čerìye,ˈ ʾɛ́-gə ṱ-àweˈ lìṯ tálga,ˈ ʾu-ṱ-áwe payùxtaˈ dúnye lá raba-xamìmta,ˈ la-šaxínta ràba,ˈ mṭalíla šàqqa.ˈ gùttɛlaˈ ʾu-qɛ̀sa.ˈ ʾap-ʾánna pɛ́ši trè jwíne.ˈ xa-jwìnaˈ gawàye,ˈ xàˈ qam-tằra.ˈ xákma ṱ-àṯiˈ t-yáwi gùtta.ˈ ʾan-ṱ-íla yáwa gùttaˈ ʾáni gawàyela,ˈ ʾan-xéna qam-tằra.ˈ ʾáwwa maxéla b-qɛ̀sa.ˈ ʾánna ṱ-íla gawàyeˈ plíṭela qam-gùtta.ˈ har-ṯéla gùtta,ˈ hár qəm-dawqíla gùtta,ˈ ʾánna xéne xsìrra.ˈ mšaxə̀lpi,ˈ ʾánna šōp-d-ànna.ˈ ʾáp-ʾayya ṭawálta ʾìṯwa.ˈ ʾìṯenaˈ ṭawàltətˈ ṭŭši-ṭŭ̀šo.ˈ ʾáy ṭawáltət sə̀twɛla.ˈ sə́twa baṭìle-wɛwa náše.ˈ ʾi-jắmi l-ġḏàḏe.ˈ ʾáp-ʾáni pɛ́ši tre-jwìne.ˈ xa-jwìnaˈ kále qam-xa-qɛ́sa gòṛa,ˈ xa-ʾilànta,ˈ tùṯa,ˈ mə̀ndi.ˈ kále táma ʾay-dùkṯa,ˈ gìšɛla.ˈ ʾan-xéne pálṭi mṭáši ganèy.ˈ mṭáši ganéy gu-màṯa.ˈ màṯɛla.ˈ xá gu-d-aw-gòma,ˈ xá d-ɛ-dùkṯa,ˈ xá qam-d-áwwa bɛ̀ṯa.ˈ mṭàši.ˈ ʾan-xéne pálṭi ṭắyi bàṯra.ˈ hár qəm-xazèle,ˈ lázəm maxéle ʾíḏa ʾə̀lle.ˈ ʾən-là-mxele ʾíḏe-lle,ˈ w-áwwa ṯéle dwíqle ʾo-qɛ́sa ṱ-íle dúkṯət mṭawàlta,ˈ xàsri.ˈ xá-ga xèta.ˈ ʾáyya ṭawàlta-žiˈ ràba mṭalíwalaˈ gu-maṯwàṯa.ˈ ʾamríla xa-šə́mma xèna,ˈ pùq-əlli.ˈ ṭàppu.ˈ ṭàppu,ˈ ṭŭši-ṭŭ̀šo,ˈ ʾáni kùllaˈ har-xà ṭawáltɛla.ˈ ʾìṯənˈ xá-ṭawalta xèta,ˈ har-sə̀twɛlaˈ ʾap-ʾàyya.ˈ šwára baràne.ˈ xá kále hàtxa.ˈ ʾup-xéna làxxa,ˈ ʾup-xènaˈ báṯər ġḏàḏe.ˈ ṱ-áṯe xa-mən-d-ànna,ˈ ʾo-t-̭íle mṭawòle.ˈ šawə́rre ʾàwwa,ˈ šáwər ʾup-o-xèna,ˈ šáwər ʾup-o-xèna.ˈ ʾáwwa qáyəm šàwərˈ bàṯre.ˈ ʾáyya ṭawàltaˈ y-àwḏaˈ šaxinùṯa.ˈ náša qàrṯe y-áwya,ˈ ʾən-t-̭áwe jwàjta,ˈ b-šàxən.ˈ ʾáyya ṭawálta mṭalíwala rába b-sə̀twa,ˈ ʾɛ-gə ṱ-áwe tàlga,ˈ š-garăwàṯa.ˈ ṭàbʿan,ˈ gu-ʾayya-maṯɛ̀niˈ ʾìwabaˈ xamšə̀ssərˈ ʾəsrì-bate,ˈ kúlla xa-gàre,ˈ kúlla dbíše l-ġḏàḏe.ˈ ʾu-ʾan-báte xáṯe t-wáwa bə̀nyəllaˈ ʾáni rə̀ḥqɛwa mən-d-áwwa tăjàmmuʿ.ˈ bas-ʾáwwa gàreˈ mṭalíwa réše díye ṭawalyàṯaˈ muxtằləf.ˈ ʾu-šùta,ˈ ʾáp-ʾayya šúta ṭawáltət sə̀twɛla.ˈ sáb baṭilúṯa biš-ràbaˈ líṯwa šuláne ràba.ˈ šùtaˈ qɛ̀sɛle,ˈ yáʿni ʾíbe xàˈ xámša ʾə̀šta santimétreˈ ramúṯe dìye.ˈ ʾáṯe maxròpe,ˈ réše díye xarùpa,ˈ ʾu-hàtxa,ˈ baʿdḗn pə̀ṯya ʾə́ltəx.ˈ gu-réše díye máxi bəzmàra.ˈ bəzmára ʾáp-ʾaw glòla y-áwe.ˈ xăḏíle č̭ənnək̭ɛ́re díye gə̀dda.ˈ doqíla b-ʾìḏa.ˈ mrapìla,ˈ garšíle gə̀dda,ˈ yàhaˈ mazrètaˈ ʾi-pàtla.ˈ ʾàp-ʾayyaˈ mṭalìwala.ˈ šùta,ˈ mazrèta,ˈ ʾíṯən bíš-raba mən-xá šə̀mma,ˈ qa-d-àyya ṭawálta.ˈ mazrèta,ˈ ʾu-šùta,ˈ č̭ənnàra.ˈ ʾáx-t-y-amrítula č̭ənnàra,ˈ ʾáxni y-amrə́xwala šùta.ˈ yáʿni gu-Bɛ̀rwərˈ šúta bìš mapəlxə̀xwa.ˈ ʾu-hár b-sə̀twaˈ mṭalíwa b-tăbàlle.ˈ ʾáp yále zòre,ˈ ʾəsrì-šənne,ˈ ʾəsri-w-xamšà-šənne,ˈ hal-d-áwwa ʾŭ̀murˈ mṭalíwa b-tăbàlle.ˈ tebálla ʾíle xa-šùša.ˈ mən-šùšɛle.ˈ glòlɛle.ˈ zòrɛle.ˈ mṭalìla.ˈ ʾíṯən ṭawalyàṯa.ˈ ʾíṯən màttiˈ k̭əttàṯa.ˈ mắṯălan ʾána xàʾa,ˈ ʾáti xàʾa,ˈ ʾaw-xéna xàʾa,ˈ kút-xa mə́nnən máttu kəmɛ̀wəx muštărəkī́n.ˈ xàmša,ˈ ʾə̀ṣṛa,ˈ kút-xa mə́nnən máttu ḏàʾa.ˈ xàrṯaˈ ṱ-àzəxˈ ṱ-óḏəx ʾəttəfā̀qˈ l-xa-trè métre.ˈ mən-táma dɛ̀rəx.ˈ dɛ́rəx tăbàlla,ˈ kút-xa mə́nnən xáʾa báṯər d-o-xèna.ˈ ʾayya-béna gàrrileˈ ʾa-béna xéta gàrrux-ile,ˈ ʾa-béna gárrə d-àw,ˈ kut-dána gárrət xàʾa.ˈ mən-táma dɛ̀rəx.ˈ ʾo-qamàya,ˈ ʾən-qítlux ḏá mən-d-ànna,ˈ ʾàti mṭálət,ˈ har-ṭawálta dìyux-ila.ˈ kut-qàyəṯ,ˈ yáʿni ʾána drèli,ˈ qìtli,ˈ ʾáw šaqlə̀nne.ˈ ʾu-har-dɛ́rən b-xèta,ˈ dɛ́rən b-xèta.ˈ ʾən-ʾaxlə̀nna kúlla,ˈ prìqla ṭawálta.ˈ kúlla ʾan-tăbálle b-šaqlə́nna dɛ́rənna gu-jèbi.ˈ ʾu-xá-bena xéta màttexi.ˈ ʾən-là-qitli,ˈ kálən xa-gòta.ˈ kúlla dɛ̀ri.ˈ ʾən-ʾáp-xa mə́nna la-qítle mən-d-ánna tre-mètre,ˈ mšắre ʾo-qamàya ṱ-ile-də́rya mən-d-ánna tré-metre bən-d-ánna k̭əttàṯaˈ dráya mən-qùrba.ˈ ʾàp-ʾaw,ˈ ʾən-maxèla,ˈ kut-maxéla šaqə̀lla.ˈ kut-maxéla šaqə̀lla.ˈ xàrṯaˈ ʾə́n ʾan-ṱ-ìla qúrbi qúrbi,ˈ màṣənˈ har-qìtli bíya,ˈ mxéle tăbálli tăballèy,ˈ ʾaw-plìṭle m-ṭawálta,ˈ ʾaw-xsìrre,ˈ ʾaw-plìṭle m-ṭawálta.ˈ ʾáyya xà-ṭawalta.ˈ ʾíṯ xá ṭawálta xéta ṱ-amríwala ʾòrta.ˈ ʾáyya ṭawálta xàṯtɛla ṯíṯa.ˈ ʾìṯwaˈ ʾax-muṯàllaṯ-ile.ˈ ṭḷáṯa gòše.ˈ ʾàwwaˈ mattíwa kùt-xaˈ kəmà tăbálleˈ ʾána-w ʾàti-wˈ ʾAwìya-wˈ Rábbi Dàwiḏ-uˈ ʾAndrìwus,ˈ kút-xa mə́nnən ṱ-ámrəx máttəx ṭḷàṯa ṭḷáṯa tebálle.ˈ ṭḷáṯa ṭḷáṯa mattə̀xla gu-d-áyya,ˈ gu-d-áwwa ʾòrta,ˈ ʾu-ṱ-ázəx mən-rə́ḥqa dɛ̀rəx.ˈ dɛ̀rəx,ˈ kút-xa mə́nnən dɛ̀re,ˈ kút mpulə́ṭle xa-tăbálla ṱ-áṯe dɛ́re xa-xèna.ˈ mpalə́ṭla m-gu-d-àwwaˈ muṯàllaṯ.ˈ hal-ʾɛ́gət kə̀ma mpálṭəxˈ šàqləx.ˈ ʾu-ʾɛ́gət ṱ-áwe xá mənnɛ́ni qúrbə d-o-xèna,ˈ har-maxə̀nneˈ tăbálli l-tăbálle dìye,ˈ ʾaw-mìtle,ˈ ʾaw-prìqle,ˈ ʾaw-xsìrre.ˈ ʾu-ʾə́n mpulə́ṭli mən-d-ánna tăbálle ṱ-íla gu-d-áwwa muṯàllaṯ,ˈ ʾáni qarmə̀nna,ˈ dɛ́rənna gu-jèbi.ˈ ʾìṯwa ṭawalyáṯa xéneˈ munə̀šyən.ˈ har-ʾáp-ʾani har-tăbàlla,ˈ bas-munə̀šyən díya.ˈ hà,ˈ ʾatkòre.ˈ xá č̭àleˈ ʾamùqta,ˈ ʾap-ʾàyˈ màttexiˈ xá-tre métre rə̀ḥqa.ˈ ʾu-kút dɛ̀reˈ mən-táma l-tàmaˈ ʾɛ́ni dɛréle gu-d-ay-č̭àle,ˈ ʾàwˈ b-qàrəm.ˈ ʾu-ṱ-aẃḏi ʾəttəfā̀q.ˈ mắṯălan ʾána ṣlèli gu-d-ay-č̭áleˈ qám xa-d-an-xèneˈ kút-xa mə́nna yawə́lli xà tebálla.ˈ dùdu.ˈ dúdu ṭawáltət sə̀twɛla.ˈ yáʿni l-garăwàṯa biš-rába mṭalíwala,ˈ l-garăwàṯa.ˈ ʾáp-ʾayya xàˈ yáʿni kále l-pàlga-wˈ ʾu-xá máxe l-ġxḏàḏe.ˈ ʾíṯən maṯwáṯa mắṯălan lìtla gáre góṛa dax-dɛrəšknàye.ˈ ʾítla xo-tùṯa,ˈ ʾítla túṯa č̣ùwa.ˈ ḏa-dúkṯa xo-gàwza.ˈ ʾítla qam-ʾùmra.ˈ ʾíṯ dùkṯa,ˈ pròrtɛla,ˈ máṣi mṭàli gáwa,ˈ dàštɛla,ˈ máṣi mṭàli gáwa.ˈ sab-maṯwáṯa gu-Bɛ́rwər tìwelaˈ gu-ṭuràne,ˈ yáʿni dukáne líṯən rába dášta qamɛ̀ni,ˈ dax-ṱ-íla dáštət Mòṣul,ˈ dax-ṱ-íla daštáṯa xène.ˈ matəxrúli ṭawalyáṯa xène.ˈ ʾíṯən qɛ̀ṭaˈ xa-ṭúxmət spòrt,ˈ t-riyàḏ̣a,ˈ bàniˈ ʾítlən xa-nèra,ˈ nérət Bè-xelape ṱ-amríle.ˈ ʾi-nắwe mən-Bèdoˈ ʾu-ʾÒra,ˈ y-áṯe gáwa-gawət Màye,ˈ ʾu-Dɛrə̀ške,ˈ ʾƐ̄́n-Nune-wˈ ʾu-ṣále l-ʾÌyyət,ˈ ʾu-Bəšmiyàye-wˈ Ṭərwànəš,ˈ ʾan-màṯwaṯətˈ Sɛ̀ra-wˈ Sɛrdàšte-wˈ hál ṣále gu-Zàwa.ˈ béna kut-màṯaˈ muqábəl-t maṯèyˈ ṣalìwaˈ banìwaˈ gùdaˈ gu-d-ó nèra,ˈ páyəšwa dax-gàrra.ˈ kúlley yalúnkət máṯa ṣalíwa saxíwa gu-d-aw-gàrra,ˈ b-qɛ̀ṭa ʾáyya.ˈ qɛ́ṭa xə̀mma y-awéwa rábaˈ dā́n-t pàlgət yóma,ˈ kawùṯra,ˈ t-xădàyaˈ dax-ṱ-ámri nāš-díyən qàmṯa.ˈ xădàya,ˈ kawúṯra díya xàṯtɛla.ˈ ʾɛ-dànaˈ y-axlíwa xădàyaˈ ʾu-ṣalíwa š-mìya,ˈ š-nèra,ˈ saxíwa tàma.ˈ xamlíwa ʾan-yalúnke tàmaˈ xa-trè-saʾəteˈ ṭḷà-saʾəteˈ ta-ṱ-aṯíwa t-azíwa qam-tàwre,ˈ ṱ-azíwa qam-ʾə̀rwe.ˈ šulánət ʾìtwaley,ˈ xzàda,ˈ kùll-xa-məndi.ˈ ṱ-azíwa mən-táma hódəx wáḏa šulanèyˈ báṯər ṱ-aṯíwa m-š-mìya.ˈ pɛšáwa biš-payùxta.ˈ	Games were divided into four seasons. All games would not be played at all times. There were those of Spring, there were those of Summer, there were those of Autumn and there were those of Winter. Every season had its games. For example, let’s take _bərbərrane_. They would play _bərbərrane_ in Spring, mostly in the evening, at night, since in the day the young people, that is the boys, were all busy with work, and the men were (busy with) cultivating, constructing the places for cultivation and digging. They could not play during the daytime. They would come in the evening and gather together wanting to have fun. There was no television, there was nothing. They wanted to have fun. How did they have fun? They had games. This was one game, on days when the moon was very bright, the light was good, in one of the fields that were empty, which were near to the village, all the men and youngsters gathered together. They formed into two sides, each side (playing) together. When they made two teams, they would find, for example, that these two people are strong (and would put) one on one side and one on the other. (They would find) that these two were rather weaker (than the others), (so they would put) one on one side and one on the other. (They would find) that these were younger (than the others), (so they would put) one on one side and one on the other. (This was) so that the two teams would be equal in strength, so that one was not weak and the other strong. Then they would put a stone in their hands. They would put it behind their back and turn the stone in the other direction (away from the other team). The leader of this team would ask the other team ‘In which (hand) is the stone?’ If somebody knew in which one the stone was, they went outside. Those who did not know, those who lost, remained inside. Inside they occupied a place, a place which we call ‘a target’, as they say. This was a place or piece of wood which they took hold of and stood in front of it. Those who went away, those who won, would run away. Those who lost remained inside. They go and strike the others with their hand. If one touches one of the others, one who is outside, he (the one who is outside) falls, he is finished with the game, he is out. But those who are outside come in front of those who have come out from inside, come out to the outside, running in front of them and anybody whom they cut off from among those from inside is also finished, he also ‘dies’. That is also his turn has finished. If they break up all their group or seize the piece of wood that is in the middle, if one of those who are outside comes and seizes it, those inside lose. Again those go out, they remain outside and the others remain inside. If they do not lose, the ones that win change (place). The ones that are outside come inside and the ones inside go outside. We shall not dwell longer on (the game) _bərrane_. There are many games for you to enjoy. There is (the game) _šaqqa_. They mostly play _šaqqa_ in the daytime. This game is not possible at night. They play this game in the Autumn. When there is no snow, but it is cool and it is not very hot, not very warm, they play _šaqqa_. It consists of a ball and a stick. They again form two teams, one team inside and one outside. Some come to bowl the ball. The ones who bowl the ball are inside, the others are outside. One (from outside) strikes (the ball) with the stick and the ones who are inside go out after the ball. As soon as the ball comes back and they catch the ball, the others have lost. They change places with each other. There was also this game. There is the game of ‘hide-and-seek’. This is a game for the winter. In winter people were unoccupied. They gathered together. They also formed into two teams. One team stands in front of a big stick, a tree, a mulberry or something. It stands there in that place, it is the target. The others go out and hide. They hide in the village. It is a village (where they live). One in that basement, one in that place, one in front of this house. They hide. The others go looking for them. As soon as one sees somebody, he must strike him with his hand. If he does not strike him with his hand and he comes and holds the stick which is the place of the game, they lose. Then (they play) again. They play this game a lot in the villages. They call it by another name _puq-əlli_ and _ṭappu. Ṭappu_ and _ṭŭš-ṭŭšo_, these are all the same game. There is another game, which is also (played) only in winter: _šwara barane_ (‘jumping the rams’). Somebody stands like this and another here, and another, behind each other. One of them comes, one who is playing. He jumps over this one, jumps over also the other, jumps over also the other. This one stands up and jumps over the one after him. This game warms you up. A person who is cold warms up if he moves. They play this game a lot in the winter, when there is snow, on top of the roofs. Of course, in our village there were fifteen or twenty houses, all with one roof, all joined together. The new houses that they have built are far away from this group. They used to play various games on top of this roof. Also _šuta_ is a winter game. (This is) because there was a lot of free time, there were not many jobs. A _šuta_ is a wooden stick, which is five or six centimetres in height. It is sharpened, its end is sharp and broad at the bottom. In its end they put a nail. The nail is round. They wind a thread around it. They grasp it in the hand and let it go, pulling the thread—this (is also called) _mazreta_—it turns round. They play also this. _Šuta_, _mazreta_, there is more than one name for this game: _mazreta_, _šuta, _čənnara_. Whereas you call it _čənnara_, we call it _šuta._ In Barwar we mainly use (the name) _šuta._ In winter they played marbles, young children, (young people) twenty years old, twenty-five years old, up to such an age people would play marbles. A marble is a glass (ball), it is made of glass. It is round. It is small. They play with it. There are various games. There is (the game) of putting down odd numbers. For example, I am one, you are one, another is one. Each of us puts down however many we are who are participating, five, ten. Each of us puts down one. Then we go and make an agreement on one or two metres, from where we shall shoot. We shoot a marble, each one of us one after the other. This time it is my turn. Next time it is your turn. Then it is his turn. Each time it is somebody’s turn. We shoot from there. (If you are) the first one and if you hit one of the others, you (continue to) play, the game is yours. Everyone who hits—that is if I have shot and hit, I take it and shoot against another and shoot against another. If I eliminate them all, the game is over. I take all the marbles and put them in my pocket. Then we put down (marbles) again. If I do not strike, I stand on one side. Everybody shoots. If none of them strikes from two metres, the first to shoot from two metres among those odd numbers begins shooting from close up. If he hits them, again he takes each one that he hits. Each one that he hits he takes. Finally, if I am able to hit those who are very near me and my marble hits their marbles, he leaves the game, he has lost, he has leaves the game. This is one game. There is another game, which is called _ʾoṛta_. This game has been introduced recently. There was something like a triangle, with three corners. They would each put down a few marbles. I and you, Awiya, Rabbi Dawid and Adriwus, each of us puts down, let’s say, three marbles. We put each down three in this _ʾorṭa_ and go to a distance to shoot. We shoot. Each of us shoots. Whoever dislodges a marble comes back to shoot another one. (Whoever) dislodges it from this triangle. We take however many we dislodge. When one of us is near to the other, I strike my marble against his marble and he dies, he is finished, he has lost. If I have dislodged the marbles that are in the triangle, I win them and put them in my pocket. There were other games, which I have forgotten. They also are for marbles, but I have forgotten them now. Ah, yes, _ʾatkore_. We make a deep hole one or two metres away. Each one shoots, from here to there. Whoever shoots into that hole wins. They make an agreement, for example I have gone down into that hole before the others, so each of them gives me a marble. _dudu_ was a winter game. They played it mainly on the roofs. In this one also one stands in the middle and the players strike one another. There are villages that do not have a large roof like the people of Dɛrəške. They have (the space) under a mulberry, they have the smooth mulberry. There is a space under a walnut tree. They have a place in front of the church. There is a place (in other villages) that is open, in which they can play, which is an open field, in which they can play. This is because the villages in Barwar are situated in the mountains, so there are not many places with open fields that are available for us, as is the case with the plain of Moṣul, and the other plains. Remind me of other games. In summer there is a kind of sport, they built—we have a river, it is called the river Be-xelape. It springs from Bedo and Ora, flows through Maye, Dɛrəške, ʾƐn-Nune and goes down to ʾIyyət, Bəšmiyaye, Ṭərwan6š, the villages of Sɛra and Sɛrdašte, until it goes down into the Zab. Now, in every village, people would go down and build a wall in the river opposite their village and it would become like a pool. All the young people of the village would go down and swim in that pool. This was in summer. In summer it was very hot at midday, the time of lunch, the time of _xădaya_ (lunch) as our people used to say in the old days—_xădaya_, (the word) _kawuθra_ is now new. At that time (midday) they would eat lunch and go down to the water, to the river and swim there. The young people would enjoy themselves there for one, two, three hours, until they went back to tend to the oxen and tend to the sheep. The jobs that they had include harvesting, and so forth. They would go on from there to do their jobs, after leaving the water. (By then) it was cooler.

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Transcription:

ṭawalyàṯaˈ mqùsme-wawaˈ ʾàrbaˈ fŭṣū̀l.ˈ lá-kulla danáne kúlla ṭawalyáṯa ṱ-aṯíwa mṭawòle.ˈ ʾíṯwa t-bɛ̀hɛr,ˈ ʾíṯwa t-qɛ̀ṭa,ˈ ʾíṯwa t-čèri,ˈ ʾíṯwa t-sə̀twa.ˈ kut-dána ʾítla b-dána díya ṭawalyàṯa.ˈ b-ṭusa šáqləx bərbərràne.ˈ bərbərràneˈ mṭalíla gu-bɛhɛrìye,ˈ biz-zòdaˈ ʾaṣráre b-lèle,ˈ sab-b-yòmaˈ yalùnke,ˈ yáʿni ʾùrze,ˈ kúlla y-áwa blíge b-plàxa,ˈ ʾu-gúṛe gu-zrùta,ˈ ʾu-gu-mtaróṣe dukànət zrútaˈ ʾu-xpàra.ˈ lé-y-maṣi mṭáli b-ɛ-dā́n ṱ-áwe yòma.ˈ fa-ʾáṯi ʾaṣə́rta jắmi bắyi xàmli.ˈ líṯ televəzyṑn,ˈ líṯ čù-məndi.ˈ bắyi xàmli.ˈ máṭo xàmli?ˈ ʾítla ṭawalyàṯa.ˈ fa-ʾàyya xa-ṭawáltaˈ ʾɛ́-gət ʾan-yomáṯa ṱ-awéwa ràba séraˈ qùwya,ˈ béṛa spày,ˈ xá mən-xaqláṯa ṱ-íla sapìqeˈ ṱ-íla qùrbət máṯa,ˈ jămíwa kúlla ʾùrze,ˈ jwànqe,ˈ jămíwa m-ġḏáḏe tàma.ˈ pɛšíwa tré jwìne.ˈ kút-xa jwína m-ġḏàḏe.ˈ ʾɛ́gə ṱ-oḏìwa tre-jwíne,ˈ mačxíwa mắṯălan ʾánna tréʾe zirə̀k-ilaˈ xá l-ày-gota,ˈ xá l-ày-gota.ˈ ʾan-tréʾe bíš-xačča zằbun-ila,ˈ xá l-ày-gota, xá l-ày-gota.ˈ ʾánna biš-zòrela,ˈ xá l-ày-gota, xá l-ày-gota.ˈ qa-ṱ-awéwa ʾán-tre jwìneˈ qúwye dax-ġḏáḏe,ˈ ta-t-lá-pɛšiwa xa-zằbunˈ xa-qùwya.ˈ xàrṯaˈ ṱ-awḏìwaˈ dɛríwa xà-kepa gu-ʾiḏéy.ˈ mattíwale báṯər xàṣa.ˈ maqəlbíwale l-áy-gota xèta.ˈ ʾo-goṛə d-àwwa jwínaˈ mbaqə́rwa mən-d-áwwa jwína xènaˈ gu-d-ɛ̀nile képa?ˈ ʾən-ḏìle képa gu-d-ɛ́nile,ˈ ʾáni pálṭi qam-tằra.ˈ ʾan-t-lɛ́la ḏìye,ˈ ʾan-ṱ-íla xsìre,ˈ pɛ́ši gawàye.ˈ gawáye dáwqi xa-dùkṯa,ˈ xá ṱ-amrə̀xle,ˈ dax-ṱ-amríle gìša,ˈ ʾáw xa-dùkṯa,ˈ xa-qɛ̀sa,ˈ dawqìle,ˈ kálɛ qáme dìye.ˈ ʾánna-t pàlṭi,ˈ ṱ-árqi rə̀ḥqa,ˈ ʾan-ṱ-íla qrìme.ˈ ʾan-ṱ-íla mqùrmeˈ pɛ́ši gawàye.ˈ ṱ-ázi ta-t-máxi ʾiḏéy l-d-ănàha.ˈ kút qítle ʾíḏe díye b-o-xènaˈ b-o-ṱ-íle qam-tằra,ˈ ʾáw nàpəl,ˈ ʾáw prìqle m-ṭawálta,ˈ qìdle.ˈ bás ʾănáha ṱ-íla qam-tằra,ˈ kú mənná ṱ-íle pláṭa mən-gawàye,ˈ pláṭa la-qam-tằra,ˈ ṱ-áṯe qàme qáme díye,ˈ ṱ-árəq qáme qáme dìye,ˈ ʾáwwa qəm-qăṭèle,ˈ prìqleˈ ʾap-ʾàwwaˈ m-an-ṱ-íla gawàye.ˈ ʾap-ʾáwwa màyəṯ.ˈ yáʿni ʾap-ʾáwwa pàrəqˈ dáwre dìye.ˈ ʾən-kúlla qəm-maxíla bərrèyˈ ʾáw qəm-dawqíle ʾo-qɛ́sa ṱ-íle be-pàlga,ˈ ṯèlaˈ xá mən-d-ánna ṱ-íla qam-tằra,ˈ ṯéle qəm-dawə̀qle,ˈ xsìrra ʾan-gawáye.ˈ xá-ga xéta pálṭi ʾănàha,ˈ ʾáni pɛ́ši qam-tằraˈ ʾan-xéne pɛ́ši gawàye.ˈ ʾən-là xsírreyˈ ʾánna-t qrìmlaˈ mšaxə̀lpi.ˈ ʾan-ṱ-ìla qam-tắra ṱ-áṯi gawàye,ˈ ʾan-gawáye pálṭi qam-tằra.ˈ lá măríxəxla gu-bərràne.ˈ

ʾìṯənˈ ràbeˈ ṭawalyàṯa,ˈ ta-t năfìlux.ˈ ʾíṯən šàqqa.ˈ šàqqaˈ biš-rába mṭalíla b-yòma.ˈ ʾáyya ṭawálta là-barya b-lɛ́le.ˈ w-ànnaˈ ʾáyya ṭawàltaˈ mṭalíla čerìye,ˈ ʾɛ́-gə ṱ-àweˈ lìṯ tálga,ˈ ʾu-ṱ-áwe payùxtaˈ dúnye lá raba-xamìmta,ˈ la-šaxínta ràba,ˈ mṭalíla šàqqa.ˈ gùttɛlaˈ ʾu-qɛ̀sa.ˈ ʾap-ʾánna pɛ́ši trè jwíne.ˈ xa-jwìnaˈ gawàye,ˈ xàˈ qam-tằra.ˈ xákma ṱ-àṯiˈ t-yáwi gùtta.ˈ ʾan-ṱ-íla yáwa gùttaˈ ʾáni gawàyela,ˈ ʾan-xéna qam-tằra.ˈ ʾáwwa maxéla b-qɛ̀sa.ˈ ʾánna ṱ-íla gawàyeˈ plíṭela qam-gùtta.ˈ har-ṯéla gùtta,ˈ hár qəm-dawqíla gùtta,ˈ ʾánna xéne xsìrra.ˈ mšaxə̀lpi,ˈ ʾánna šōp-d-ànna.ˈ

ʾáp-ʾayya ṭawálta ʾìṯwa.ˈ ʾìṯenaˈ ṭawàltətˈ ṭŭši-ṭŭ̀šo.ˈ ʾáy ṭawáltət sə̀twɛla.ˈ sə́twa baṭìle-wɛwa náše.ˈ ʾi-jắmi l-ġḏàḏe.ˈ ʾáp-ʾáni pɛ́ši tre-jwìne.ˈ xa-jwìnaˈ kále qam-xa-qɛ́sa gòṛa,ˈ xa-ʾilànta,ˈ tùṯa,ˈ mə̀ndi.ˈ kále táma ʾay-dùkṯa,ˈ gìšɛla.ˈ ʾan-xéne pálṭi mṭáši ganèy.ˈ mṭáši ganéy gu-màṯa.ˈ màṯɛla.ˈ xá gu-d-aw-gòma,ˈ xá d-ɛ-dùkṯa,ˈ xá qam-d-áwwa bɛ̀ṯa.ˈ mṭàši.ˈ ʾan-xéne pálṭi ṭắyi bàṯra.ˈ hár qəm-xazèle,ˈ lázəm maxéle ʾíḏa ʾə̀lle.ˈ ʾən-là-mxele ʾíḏe-lle,ˈ w-áwwa ṯéle dwíqle ʾo-qɛ́sa ṱ-íle dúkṯət mṭawàlta,ˈ xàsri.ˈ xá-ga xèta.ˈ ʾáyya ṭawàlta-žiˈ ràba mṭalíwalaˈ gu-maṯwàṯa.ˈ ʾamríla xa-šə́mma xèna,ˈ pùq-əlli.ˈ ṭàppu.ˈ ṭàppu,ˈ ṭŭši-ṭŭ̀šo,ˈ ʾáni kùllaˈ har-xà ṭawáltɛla.ˈ

ʾìṯənˈ xá-ṭawalta xèta,ˈ har-sə̀twɛlaˈ ʾap-ʾàyya.ˈ šwára baràne.ˈ xá kále hàtxa.ˈ ʾup-xéna làxxa,ˈ ʾup-xènaˈ báṯər ġḏàḏe.ˈ ṱ-áṯe xa-mən-d-ànna,ˈ ʾo-t-̭íle mṭawòle.ˈ šawə́rre ʾàwwa,ˈ šáwər ʾup-o-xèna,ˈ šáwər ʾup-o-xèna.ˈ ʾáwwa qáyəm šàwərˈ bàṯre.ˈ ʾáyya ṭawàltaˈ y-àwḏaˈ šaxinùṯa.ˈ náša qàrṯe y-áwya,ˈ ʾən-t-̭áwe jwàjta,ˈ b-šàxən.ˈ ʾáyya ṭawálta mṭalíwala rába b-sə̀twa,ˈ ʾɛ-gə ṱ-áwe tàlga,ˈ š-garăwàṯa.ˈ ṭàbʿan,ˈ gu-ʾayya-maṯɛ̀niˈ ʾìwabaˈ xamšə̀ssərˈ ʾəsrì-bate,ˈ kúlla xa-gàre,ˈ kúlla dbíše l-ġḏàḏe.ˈ ʾu-ʾan-báte xáṯe t-wáwa bə̀nyəllaˈ ʾáni rə̀ḥqɛwa mən-d-áwwa tăjàmmuʿ.ˈ bas-ʾáwwa gàreˈ mṭalíwa réše díye ṭawalyàṯaˈ muxtằləf.ˈ

ʾu-šùta,ˈ ʾáp-ʾayya šúta ṭawáltət sə̀twɛla.ˈ sáb baṭilúṯa biš-ràbaˈ líṯwa šuláne ràba.ˈ šùtaˈ qɛ̀sɛle,ˈ yáʿni ʾíbe xàˈ xámša ʾə̀šta santimétreˈ ramúṯe dìye.ˈ ʾáṯe maxròpe,ˈ réše díye xarùpa,ˈ ʾu-hàtxa,ˈ baʿdḗn pə̀ṯya ʾə́ltəx.ˈ gu-réše díye máxi bəzmàra.ˈ bəzmára ʾáp-ʾaw glòla y-áwe.ˈ xăḏíle č̭ənnək̭ɛ́re díye gə̀dda.ˈ doqíla b-ʾìḏa.ˈ mrapìla,ˈ garšíle gə̀dda,ˈ yàhaˈ mazrètaˈ ʾi-pàtla.ˈ ʾàp-ʾayyaˈ mṭalìwala.ˈ šùta,ˈ mazrèta,ˈ ʾíṯən bíš-raba mən-xá šə̀mma,ˈ qa-d-àyya ṭawálta.ˈ mazrèta,ˈ ʾu-šùta,ˈ č̭ənnàra.ˈ ʾáx-t-y-amrítula č̭ənnàra,ˈ ʾáxni y-amrə́xwala šùta.ˈ yáʿni gu-Bɛ̀rwərˈ šúta bìš mapəlxə̀xwa.ˈ

ʾu-hár b-sə̀twaˈ mṭalíwa b-tăbàlle.ˈ ʾáp yále zòre,ˈ ʾəsrì-šənne,ˈ ʾəsri-w-xamšà-šənne,ˈ hal-d-áwwa ʾŭ̀murˈ mṭalíwa b-tăbàlle.ˈ tebálla ʾíle xa-šùša.ˈ mən-šùšɛle.ˈ glòlɛle.ˈ zòrɛle.ˈ mṭalìla.ˈ ʾíṯən ṭawalyàṯa.ˈ ʾíṯən màttiˈ k̭əttàṯa.ˈ mắṯălan ʾána xàʾa,ˈ ʾáti xàʾa,ˈ ʾaw-xéna xàʾa,ˈ kút-xa mə́nnən máttu kəmɛ̀wəx muštărəkī́n.ˈ xàmša,ˈ ʾə̀ṣṛa,ˈ kút-xa mə́nnən máttu ḏàʾa.ˈ xàrṯaˈ ṱ-àzəxˈ ṱ-óḏəx ʾəttəfā̀qˈ l-xa-trè métre.ˈ mən-táma dɛ̀rəx.ˈ dɛ́rəx tăbàlla,ˈ kút-xa mə́nnən xáʾa báṯər d-o-xèna.ˈ ʾayya-béna gàrrileˈ ʾa-béna xéta gàrrux-ile,ˈ ʾa-béna gárrə d-àw,ˈ kut-dána gárrət xàʾa.ˈ mən-táma dɛ̀rəx.ˈ ʾo-qamàya,ˈ ʾən-qítlux ḏá mən-d-ànna,ˈ ʾàti mṭálət,ˈ har-ṭawálta dìyux-ila.ˈ kut-qàyəṯ,ˈ yáʿni ʾána drèli,ˈ qìtli,ˈ ʾáw šaqlə̀nne.ˈ ʾu-har-dɛ́rən b-xèta,ˈ dɛ́rən b-xèta.ˈ ʾən-ʾaxlə̀nna kúlla,ˈ prìqla ṭawálta.ˈ kúlla ʾan-tăbálle b-šaqlə́nna dɛ́rənna gu-jèbi.ˈ ʾu-xá-bena xéta màttexi.ˈ ʾən-là-qitli,ˈ kálən xa-gòta.ˈ kúlla dɛ̀ri.ˈ ʾən-ʾáp-xa mə́nna la-qítle mən-d-ánna tre-mètre,ˈ mšắre ʾo-qamàya ṱ-ile-də́rya mən-d-ánna tré-metre bən-d-ánna k̭əttàṯaˈ dráya mən-qùrba.ˈ ʾàp-ʾaw,ˈ ʾən-maxèla,ˈ kut-maxéla šaqə̀lla.ˈ kut-maxéla šaqə̀lla.ˈ xàrṯaˈ ʾə́n ʾan-ṱ-ìla qúrbi qúrbi,ˈ màṣənˈ har-qìtli bíya,ˈ mxéle tăbálli tăballèy,ˈ ʾaw-plìṭle m-ṭawálta,ˈ ʾaw-xsìrre,ˈ ʾaw-plìṭle m-ṭawálta.ˈ ʾáyya xà-ṭawalta.ˈ ʾíṯ xá ṭawálta xéta ṱ-amríwala ʾòrta.ˈ ʾáyya ṭawálta xàṯtɛla ṯíṯa.ˈ ʾìṯwaˈ ʾax-muṯàllaṯ-ile.ˈ ṭḷáṯa gòše.ˈ ʾàwwaˈ mattíwa kùt-xaˈ kəmà tăbálleˈ ʾána-w ʾàti-wˈ ʾAwìya-wˈ Rábbi Dàwiḏ-uˈ ʾAndrìwus,ˈ kút-xa mə́nnən ṱ-ámrəx máttəx ṭḷàṯa ṭḷáṯa tebálle.ˈ ṭḷáṯa ṭḷáṯa mattə̀xla gu-d-áyya,ˈ gu-d-áwwa ʾòrta,ˈ ʾu-ṱ-ázəx mən-rə́ḥqa dɛ̀rəx.ˈ dɛ̀rəx,ˈ kút-xa mə́nnən dɛ̀re,ˈ kút mpulə́ṭle xa-tăbálla ṱ-áṯe dɛ́re xa-xèna.ˈ mpalə́ṭla m-gu-d-àwwaˈ muṯàllaṯ.ˈ hal-ʾɛ́gət kə̀ma mpálṭəxˈ šàqləx.ˈ ʾu-ʾɛ́gət ṱ-áwe xá mənnɛ́ni qúrbə d-o-xèna,ˈ har-maxə̀nneˈ tăbálli l-tăbálle dìye,ˈ ʾaw-mìtle,ˈ ʾaw-prìqle,ˈ ʾaw-xsìrre.ˈ ʾu-ʾə́n mpulə́ṭli mən-d-ánna tăbálle ṱ-íla gu-d-áwwa muṯàllaṯ,ˈ ʾáni qarmə̀nna,ˈ dɛ́rənna gu-jèbi.ˈ

ʾìṯwa ṭawalyáṯa xéneˈ munə̀šyən.ˈ har-ʾáp-ʾani har-tăbàlla,ˈ bas-munə̀šyən díya.ˈ hà,ˈ ʾatkòre.ˈ xá č̭àleˈ ʾamùqta,ˈ ʾap-ʾàyˈ màttexiˈ xá-tre métre rə̀ḥqa.ˈ ʾu-kút dɛ̀reˈ mən-táma l-tàmaˈ ʾɛ́ni dɛréle gu-d-ay-č̭àle,ˈ ʾàwˈ b-qàrəm.ˈ ʾu-ṱ-aẃḏi ʾəttəfā̀q.ˈ mắṯălan ʾána ṣlèli gu-d-ay-č̭áleˈ qám xa-d-an-xèneˈ kút-xa mə́nna yawə́lli xà tebálla.ˈ

dùdu.ˈ dúdu ṭawáltət sə̀twɛla.ˈ yáʿni l-garăwàṯa biš-rába mṭalíwala,ˈ l-garăwàṯa.ˈ ʾáp-ʾayya xàˈ yáʿni kále l-pàlga-wˈ ʾu-xá máxe l-ġxḏàḏe.ˈ ʾíṯən maṯwáṯa mắṯălan lìtla gáre góṛa dax-dɛrəšknàye.ˈ ʾítla xo-tùṯa,ˈ ʾítla túṯa č̣ùwa.ˈ ḏa-dúkṯa xo-gàwza.ˈ ʾítla qam-ʾùmra.ˈ ʾíṯ dùkṯa,ˈ pròrtɛla,ˈ máṣi mṭàli gáwa,ˈ dàštɛla,ˈ máṣi mṭàli gáwa.ˈ sab-maṯwáṯa gu-Bɛ́rwər tìwelaˈ gu-ṭuràne,ˈ yáʿni dukáne líṯən rába dášta qamɛ̀ni,ˈ dax-ṱ-íla dáštət Mòṣul,ˈ dax-ṱ-íla daštáṯa xène.ˈ

matəxrúli ṭawalyáṯa xène.ˈ ʾíṯən qɛ̀ṭaˈ xa-ṭúxmət spòrt,ˈ t-riyàḏ̣a,ˈ bàniˈ ʾítlən xa-nèra,ˈ nérət Bè-xelape ṱ-amríle.ˈ ʾi-nắwe mən-Bèdoˈ ʾu-ʾÒra,ˈ y-áṯe gáwa-gawət Màye,ˈ ʾu-Dɛrə̀ške,ˈ ʾƐ̄́n-Nune-wˈ ʾu-ṣále l-ʾÌyyət,ˈ ʾu-Bəšmiyàye-wˈ Ṭərwànəš,ˈ ʾan-màṯwaṯətˈ Sɛ̀ra-wˈ Sɛrdàšte-wˈ hál ṣále gu-Zàwa.ˈ béna kut-màṯaˈ muqábəl-t maṯèyˈ ṣalìwaˈ banìwaˈ gùdaˈ gu-d-ó nèra,ˈ páyəšwa dax-gàrra.ˈ kúlley yalúnkət máṯa ṣalíwa saxíwa gu-d-aw-gàrra,ˈ b-qɛ̀ṭa ʾáyya.ˈ qɛ́ṭa xə̀mma y-awéwa rábaˈ dā́n-t pàlgət yóma,ˈ kawùṯra,ˈ t-xădàyaˈ dax-ṱ-ámri nāš-díyən qàmṯa.ˈ xădàya,ˈ kawúṯra díya xàṯtɛla.ˈ ʾɛ-dànaˈ y-axlíwa xădàyaˈ ʾu-ṣalíwa š-mìya,ˈ š-nèra,ˈ saxíwa tàma.ˈ xamlíwa ʾan-yalúnke tàmaˈ xa-trè-saʾəteˈ ṭḷà-saʾəteˈ ta-ṱ-aṯíwa t-azíwa qam-tàwre,ˈ ṱ-azíwa qam-ʾə̀rwe.ˈ šulánət ʾìtwaley,ˈ xzàda,ˈ kùll-xa-məndi.ˈ ṱ-azíwa mən-táma hódəx wáḏa šulanèyˈ báṯər ṱ-aṯíwa m-š-mìya.ˈ pɛšáwa biš-payùxta.ˈ

Translation:

Games were divided into four seasons. All games would not be played at all times. There were those of Spring, there were those of Summer, there were those of Autumn and there were those of Winter. Every season had its games. For example, let’s take _bərbərrane_. They would play _bərbərrane_ in Spring, mostly in the evening, at night, since in the day the young people, that is the boys, were all busy with work, and the men were (busy with) cultivating, constructing the places for cultivation and digging. They could not play during the daytime. They would come in the evening and gather together wanting to have fun. There was no television, there was nothing. They wanted to have fun. How did they have fun? They had games. This was one game, on days when the moon was very bright, the light was good, in one of the fields that were empty, which were near to the village, all the men and youngsters gathered together. They formed into two sides, each side (playing) together. When they made two teams, they would find, for example, that these two people are strong (and would put) one on one side and one on the other. (They would find) that these two were rather weaker (than the others), (so they would put) one on one side and one on the other. (They would find) that these were younger (than the others), (so they would put) one on one side and one on the other. (This was) so that the two teams would be equal in strength, so that one was not weak and the other strong. Then they would put a stone in their hands. They would put it behind their back and turn the stone in the other direction (away from the other team). The leader of this team would ask the other team ‘In which (hand) is the stone?’ If somebody knew in which one the stone was, they went outside. Those who did not know, those who lost, remained inside. Inside they occupied a place, a place which we call ‘a target’, as they say. This was a place or piece of wood which they took hold of and stood in front of it. Those who went away, those who won, would run away. Those who lost remained inside. They go and strike the others with their hand. If one touches one of the others, one who is outside, he (the one who is outside) falls, he is finished with the game, he is out. But those who are outside come in front of those who have come out from inside, come out to the outside, running in front of them and anybody whom they cut off from among those from inside is also finished, he also ‘dies’. That is also his turn has finished. If they break up all their group or seize the piece of wood that is in the middle, if one of those who are outside comes and seizes it, those inside lose. Again those go out, they remain outside and the others remain inside. If they do not lose, the ones that win change (place). The ones that are outside come inside and the ones inside go outside. We shall not dwell longer on (the game) _bərrane_.

There are many games for you to enjoy. There is (the game) _šaqqa_. They mostly play _šaqqa_ in the daytime. This game is not possible at night. They play this game in the Autumn. When there is no snow, but it is cool and it is not very hot, not very warm, they play _šaqqa_. It consists of a ball and a stick. They again form two teams, one team inside and one outside. Some come to bowl the ball. The ones who bowl the ball are inside, the others are outside. One (from outside) strikes (the ball) with the stick and the ones who are inside go out after the ball. As soon as the ball comes back and they catch the ball, the others have lost. They change places with each other.

There was also this game. There is the game of ‘hide-and-seek’. This is a game for the winter. In winter people were unoccupied. They gathered together. They also formed into two teams. One team stands in front of a big stick, a tree, a mulberry or something. It stands there in that place, it is the target. The others go out and hide. They hide in the village. It is a village (where they live). One in that basement, one in that place, one in front of this house. They hide. The others go looking for them. As soon as one sees somebody, he must strike him with his hand. If he does not strike him with his hand and he comes and holds the stick which is the place of the game, they lose. Then (they play) again. They play this game a lot in the villages. They call it by another name _puq-əlli_ and _ṭappu. Ṭappu_ and _ṭŭš-ṭŭšo_, these are all the same game.

There is another game, which is also (played) only in winter: _šwara barane_ (‘jumping the rams’). Somebody stands like this and another here, and another, behind each other. One of them comes, one who is playing. He jumps over this one, jumps over also the other, jumps over also the other. This one stands up and jumps over the one after him. This game warms you up. A person who is cold warms up if he moves. They play this game a lot in the winter, when there is snow, on top of the roofs. Of course, in our village there were fifteen or twenty houses, all with one roof, all joined together. The new houses that they have built are far away from this group. They used to play various games on top of this roof.

Also _šuta_ is a winter game. (This is) because there was a lot of free time, there were not many jobs. A _šuta_ is a wooden stick, which is five or six centimetres in height. It is sharpened, its end is sharp and broad at the bottom. In its end they put a nail. The nail is round. They wind a thread around it. They grasp it in the hand and let it go, pulling the thread—this (is also called) _mazreta_—it turns round. They play also this. _Šuta_, _mazreta_, there is more than one name for this game: _mazreta_, _šuta, _čənnara_. Whereas you call it _čənnara_, we call it _šuta._ In Barwar we mainly use (the name) _šuta._

In winter they played marbles, young children, (young people) twenty years old, twenty-five years old, up to such an age people would play marbles. A marble is a glass (ball), it is made of glass. It is round. It is small. They play with it. There are various games. There is (the game) of putting down odd numbers. For example, I am one, you are one, another is one. Each of us puts down however many we are who are participating, five, ten. Each of us puts down one. Then we go and make an agreement on one or two metres, from where we shall shoot. We shoot a marble, each one of us one after the other. This time it is my turn. Next time it is your turn. Then it is his turn. Each time it is somebody’s turn. We shoot from there. (If you are) the first one and if you hit one of the others, you (continue to) play, the game is yours. Everyone who hits—that is if I have shot and hit, I take it and shoot against another and shoot against another. If I eliminate them all, the game is over. I take all the marbles and put them in my pocket. Then we put down (marbles) again. If I do not strike, I stand on one side. Everybody shoots. If none of them strikes from two metres, the first to shoot from two metres among those odd numbers begins shooting from close up. If he hits them, again he takes each one that he hits. Each one that he hits he takes. Finally, if I am able to hit those who are very near me and my marble hits their marbles, he leaves the game, he has lost, he has leaves the game. This is one game. There is another game, which is called _ʾoṛta_. This game has been introduced recently. There was something like a triangle, with three corners. They would each put down a few marbles. I and you, Awiya, Rabbi Dawid and Adriwus, each of us puts down, let’s say, three marbles. We put each down three in this _ʾorṭa_ and go to a distance to shoot. We shoot. Each of us shoots. Whoever dislodges a marble comes back to shoot another one. (Whoever) dislodges it from this triangle. We take however many we dislodge. When one of us is near to the other, I strike my marble against his marble and he dies, he is finished, he has lost. If I have dislodged the marbles that are in the triangle, I win them and put them in my pocket.

There were other games, which I have forgotten. They also are for marbles, but I have forgotten them now. Ah, yes, _ʾatkore_. We make a deep hole one or two metres away. Each one shoots, from here to there. Whoever shoots into that hole wins. They make an agreement, for example I have gone down into that hole before the others, so each of them gives me a marble.

_dudu_ was a winter game. They played it mainly on the roofs. In this one also one stands in the middle and the players strike one another. There are villages that do not have a large roof like the people of Dɛrəške. They have (the space) under a mulberry, they have the smooth mulberry. There is a space under a walnut tree. They have a place in front of the church. There is a place (in other villages) that is open, in which they can play, which is an open field, in which they can play. This is because the villages in Barwar are situated in the mountains, so there are not many places with open fields that are available for us, as is the case with the plain of Moṣul, and the other plains.

Remind me of other games. In summer there is a kind of sport, they built—we have a river, it is called the river Be-xelape. It springs from Bedo and Ora, flows through Maye, Dɛrəške, ʾƐn-Nune and goes down to ʾIyyət, Bəšmiyaye, Ṭərwan6š, the villages of Sɛra and Sɛrdašte, until it goes down into the Zab. Now, in every village, people would go down and build a wall in the river opposite their village and it would become like a pool. All the young people of the village would go down and swim in that pool. This was in summer. In summer it was very hot at midday, the time of lunch, the time of _xădaya_ (lunch) as our people used to say in the old days—_xădaya_, (the word) _kawuθra_ is now new. At that time (midday) they would eat lunch and go down to the water, to the river and swim there. The young people would enjoy themselves there for one, two, three hours, until they went back to tend to the oxen and tend to the sheep. The jobs that they had include harvesting, and so forth. They would go on from there to do their jobs, after leaving the water. (By then) it was cooler.